More than use it or lose it: the number-of-speakers effect on heritage language proficiency.
More than use it or lose it: the number-of-speakers effect on heritage language proficiency.
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DOI：
10.3758/s13423-014-0649-7
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发表时间：
2015-02
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Ferreira VS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gollan TH;Starr J;Ferreira VS
获得一种主要在家里使用的少数民族语言（HL）通常是实现双语的重要一步。两项研究探讨了促进HL熟练程度的因素。中国-英语和西班牙-英语本科生和希伯来-英语儿童命名的图片在他们的语言，他们或他们的父母完成语言历史问卷。HL图片命名能力呈正相关的不同HL发言者的参与者的数量作为儿童，独立于每种语言的使用频率，并没有负面影响英语图片命名能力。当主要照顾者的英语水平较低，英语习得年龄较晚，以及（儿童）年龄增加时，HL的表现也会增加。这些结果表明，提高双语能力的处方是经常与多个HL扬声器的互动。负责任的认知机制可能包括不同说话者使用的词汇种类更多，暴露于形式变化的表征鲁棒性，或多个检索线索，可能类似于上下文多样性效应。
Acquiring a Heritage Language (HL), a minority language spoken primarily at home, is often a major step toward achieving bilingualism. Two studies examined factors that promote HL proficiency. Chinese-English and Spanish-English undergraduates and Hebrew-English children named pictures in both their languages, and they or their parents completed language history questionnaires. HL picture-naming ability correlated positively with the number of different HL speakers participants spoke to as children, independent of each language’s frequency of use, and without negatively affecting English picture naming ability. HL performance increased also when primary caregivers had lower English proficiency, with later English age-of-acquisition, and (in children) with increased age. These results suggest a prescription for increasing bilingual proficiency is regular interaction with multiple HL speakers. Responsible cognitive mechanisms could include greater variety of words used by different speakers, representational robustness from exposure to variations in form, or multiple retrieval cues, perhaps analogous to contextual diversity effects.
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影响因子：
3.6
作者：
HAKUTA, K;DANDREA, D
通讯作者：
DANDREA, D
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Gathercole, Virginia C. Mueller;Thomas, Enlli Mon
通讯作者：
Thomas, Enlli Mon
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Place S;Hoff E
通讯作者：
Hoff E
影响因子：
3
作者：
Tsai, Kim M.;Park, Heejung;Lau, Anna S.
通讯作者：
Lau, Anna S.
DOI：
10.1017/s1366728911000332
发表时间：
2012-07
期刊：
Bilingualism (Cambridge, England)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Gollan TH;Weissberger GH;Runnqvist E;Montoya RI;Cera CM
通讯作者：
Cera CM