Conflation of cocaine seeking and cocaine taking responses in IV self-administration experiments in rats: methodological and interpretational considerations.
Conflation of cocaine seeking and cocaine taking responses in IV self-administration experiments in rats: methodological and interpretational considerations.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.04.017
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发表时间：
2013-11
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Zimmer BA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Roberts DC;Gabriele A;Zimmer BA
IV药物自我给药是操作性任务的特殊情况。在大多数操作性实验中，完成时间表要求的工具性反应与强化刺激后的消耗性反应（例如进食或饮水）是分开的。在大多数IV自我给药研究中，药物寻求和药物服用反应被合并。工具性的杠杆按压或鼻子戳也是一种消耗性反应。这两种反应类别的合并对数据的解释具有重要意义，因为它们受剂量和价格的不同调节。影响食欲反应的药物预处理类型不一定与影响消耗反应的药物预处理类型相同，这表明两种反应类别的神经生物学在一定程度上受不同机制控制。这篇综述讨论了如何强化和行为经济学分析的时间表，可以用来评估寻求药物和吸毒的监管分开。描述了新的方法，其允许单独检查食欲或消耗性反应，并为受试者提供对自我给药剂量的更大控制。这些程序为药物摄入的调节提供了新的见解。可卡因摄入模式导致可卡因水平的大的、间歇性的峰值，这显示出产生食欲反应的增加（即药物寻求）。控制药物摄入的机制应被视为与食欲和动机过程不同，并应在未来的IV自我给药研究中予以考虑。
IV drug self-administration is a special case of an operant task. In most operant experiments, the instrumental response that completes the schedule requirement is separate and distinct from the consumptive response (e.g. eating or drinking) that follows the delivery of the reinforcing stimulus. In most IV self-administration studies drug seeking and drug taking responses are conflated. The instrumental lever press or nose poke is also a consumptive response. The conflation of these two response classes has important implications for interpretation of the data as they are differentially regulated by dose and price. The types of pharmacological pretreatments that affect appetitive responses are not necessarily the same as those that affect consumptive responses suggesting that the neurobiology of the two response classes are to some extent controlled by different mechanisms. This review discusses how schedules of reinforcement and behavioral economic analyses can be used to assess the regulation of drug seeking and drug taking separately. New methods are described that allow the examination of appetitive or consumptive responding in isolation and provide subjects with greater control over the self-administered dose. These procedures provide novel insights into the regulation of drug intake. Cocaine intake patterns that result in large, intermittent spikes in cocaine levels are shown to produce increases in appetitive responding (i.e. drug seeking). The mechanisms that control drug intake should be considered distinct from appetitive and motivational processes and should be taken into consideration in future IV self-administration studies.
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影响因子：
2.7
作者：
DOUGHERTY, J;PICKENS, R
通讯作者：
PICKENS, R
影响因子：
7.3
作者：
BOOTH, DA;PILCHER, CWT;STOLERMAN, IP
通讯作者：
STOLERMAN, IP
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Comer, S. D.;Ashworth, J. B.;Walsh, S. L.
通讯作者：
Walsh, S. L.
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Ahmed, SH;Koob, GF
通讯作者：
Koob, GF
DOI：
10.1037/h0081662
发表时间：
1977-01-01
期刊：
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHOLOGIE
影响因子：
--
作者：
DEWIT, H;WISE, RA
通讯作者：
WISE, RA