Genetic structure of chimpanzee populations.
Genetic structure of chimpanzee populations.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pgen.0030066
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发表时间：
2007-04-20
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Reich D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Becquet C;Patterson N;Stone AC;Przeworski M;Reich D
我们对我们最亲近的近亲黑猩猩的历史和种群结构知之甚少，部分原因是化石记录非常少。为了解决这个问题，我们报告了迄今为止最大的黑猩猩遗传研究，检查了84只普通黑猩猩和倭黑猩猩的310个微卫星。我们推断出三个常见的黑猩猩种群，它们对应于先前定义的“西部”、“中部”和“东部”标签，但几乎没有发现它们之间基因流动的证据。有初步的证据表明西方黑猩猩的结构，但我们没有发现明显的其他种群。这些数据还提供了历史见解，表明西部黑猩猩种群首先分化，东部和中部种群在时间上关系更密切。黑猩猩通常被分为三个种群：西部、中部和东部。虽然形态或行为差异非常小，但线粒体DNA和Y染色体的遗传研究支持基于地理的命名。为了获得黑猩猩种群结构的清晰图像，我们收集了比以前更多的数据：在78只普通黑猩猩和6只倭黑猩猩中进行了310个微卫星标记的基因分型，从而可以对黑猩猩种群结构进行高分辨率的遗传分析，类似于最近阐明人类结构的研究。我们表明，传统的黑猩猩种群命名西部，中部和东部，准确地标签组的个人，可以从遗传数据定义，没有任何先验知识的样本收集。人口似乎是不连续的，我们发现很少的证据反映黑猩猩种群之间的杂交的变化梯度。关于黑猩猩的历史，我们证明，中部和东部的黑猩猩是更密切相关的时间比任何一个是西方的黑猩猩。
Little is known about the history and population structure of our closest living relatives, the chimpanzees, in part because of an extremely poor fossil record. To address this, we report the largest genetic study of the chimpanzees to date, examining 310 microsatellites in 84 common chimpanzees and bonobos. We infer three common chimpanzee populations, which correspond to the previously defined labels of “western,” “central,” and “eastern,” and find little evidence of gene flow between them. There is tentative evidence for structure within western chimpanzees, but we do not detect distinct additional populations. The data also provide historical insights, demonstrating that the western chimpanzee population diverged first, and that the eastern and central populations are more closely related in time. Common chimpanzees have been traditionally classified into three populations: western, central, and eastern. While the morphological or behavioral differences are very small, genetic studies of mitochondrial DNA and the Y chromosome have supported the geography-based designations. To obtain a crisp picture of chimpanzee population structure, we gather far more data than previously available: 310 microsatellite markers genotyped in 78 common chimpanzees and six bonobos, allowing a high resolution genetic analysis of chimpanzee population structure analogous to recent studies that have elucidated human structure. We show that the traditional chimpanzee population designations—western, central, and eastern—accurately label groups of individuals that can be defined from the genetic data without any prior knowledge about where the samples were collected. The populations appear to be discontinuous, and we find little evidence for gradients of variation reflecting hybridization among chimpanzee populations. Regarding chimpanzee history, we demonstrate that central and eastern chimpanzees are more closely related to each other in time than either is to western chimpanzees.
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