SMC complexes differentially compact mitotic chromosomes according to genomic context.

SMC complexes differentially compact mitotic chromosomes according to genomic context.
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DOI:
10.1038/ncb3594
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发表时间:
2017-09
影响因子:
21.3
通讯作者:
Baxter J
Baxter J
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schalbetter SA;Goloborodko A;Fudenberg G;Belton JM;Miles C;Yu M;Dekker J;Mirny L;Baxter J

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染色体结构维持蛋白复合物是染色体构象的关键决定因素。使用Hi-C和聚合物建模,我们研究了如何cohesin和凝聚素,两个高度保守的SMC复合物,组织染色体在芽殖酵母酿酒酵母。凝聚素的典型作用是共同排列姐妹染色单体,而凝聚素通常使有丝分裂染色体紧密。我们发现显着不同的作用,这两个复合物在芽殖酵母有丝分裂。首先,粘着蛋白是负责压缩有丝分裂染色体臂,独立于姐妹染色单体的凝聚。聚合物模拟表明,这种作用可以通过染色质的顺式成环来充分解释。其次,凝聚素通常被固定用于沿着染色体臂的紧密化。相反,它发挥了靶向作用,压缩rDNA近端区域,促进着丝粒周围区域的分辨率。我们的研究结果认为,SMC复合物的保守机制是形成染色质环,不同的SMC依赖的成环活动选择性地部署到适当的紧凑的染色体。
Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes (SMC) protein complexes are key determinants of chromosome conformation. Using Hi-C and polymer modeling, we study how cohesin and condensin, two deeply conserved SMC complexes, organize chromosomes in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The canonical role of cohesin is to co-align sister chromatids whilst condensin generally compacts mitotic chromosomes. We find strikingly different roles for the two complexes in budding yeast mitosis. First, cohesin is responsible for compacting mitotic chromosome arms, independently of sister chromatid cohesion. Polymer simulations demonstrate this role can be fully accounted for through cis-looping of chromatin. Second, condensin is generally dispensable for compaction along chromosome arms. Instead it plays a targeted role compacting the rDNA proximal regions and promoting resolution of peri-centromeric regions. Our results argue that the conserved mechanism of SMC complexes is to form chromatin loops and that distinct SMC-dependent looping activities are selectively deployed to appropriately compact chromosomes.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.02.007
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