Comparative and phylogenomic studies on the mitochondrial genomes of Pentatomomorpha (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera).
Comparative and phylogenomic studies on the mitochondrial genomes of Pentatomomorpha (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera).
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五翅目（昆虫纲：半翅目：异翅目）线粒体基因组的比较和系统基因组研究。
DOI：
10.1186/1471-2164-9-610
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发表时间：
2008-12-17
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Bu, Wenjun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hua, Jimeng;Li, Ming;Dong, Pengzhi;Cui, Ying;Xie, Qiang;Bu, Wenjun
线粒体基因组的核苷酸序列和基因排列是解决系统发育问题的有效工具。半翅目昆虫具有高度重组的线粒体基因组，但在异翅亚目（昆虫纲：半翅目）中，只有一个完整的线粒体基因组测序，没有基因重排，异翅亚目的蝽形下目的系统发育仍不确定。对异翅亚目的15个线粒体基因组进行了测序。结果表明：（1）tRNA-I和tRNA-Q在蜘蛛科中发生了位置转换;（2）tRNA-T和tRNA-P在大眼蛛科和红腹蛛科中发生了位置转换。在斑翅蝗科和斑翅蝗科中发现了两个重组事件。其他mt基因组的组织方式与果蝇yakuba中观察到的相同。基于核苷酸序列的系统发育分析提出了（Aradoidea +（Pentatomoidea +（Pyrrhocoroidea +（Lygaeoidea + Coreoidea）的假说。tRNA-T和tRNA-P的重排也将大眼鲷科和红蝽科联系在一起。此外，tRNA-H和ND 4之间不寻常的基因间间隔区中的保守序列块有利于Lygaeoidea的单系性。推测四核苷酸ATCA可能是小菜蛾ND 2基因的起始密码子。未发现核苷酸替换率与基因重排率之间存在相关性。CG含量与各基因的核苷酸替换率显著相关。ND 1的氨基酸变异与疏水性呈正相关（P < 0.01），ND 6的氨基酸变异与疏水性呈负相关（P < 0.01）。对照区没有发现保守序列，这些区域并不总是线粒体基因组中AT最丰富的区域。异翅目昆虫是非常复杂的群体，值得进一步研究，因为不寻常的四核苷酸起始密码子和巨大的线粒体基因组的多样性，包括基因重排和重组。线粒体基因组是在超家族和家族水平上解决遗传问题的一个强有力的分子标记。基因重排与核苷酸替换率无关。CG含量的变异导致了基因间不同的进化模式。对于ND 1，在许多极性或非极性区域中，氨基酸残基的特定身份可能比维持这些区域的极性更重要，而对于ND 6则相反。控制区的大多数序列似乎对调节功能并不重要。最后，我们建议不应使用“AT富集区”这一术语。
Nucleotide sequences and the gene arrangements of mitochondrial genomes are effective tools for resolving phylogenetic problems. Hemipteroid insects are known to possess highly reorganized mitochondrial genomes, but in the suborder Heteroptera (Insecta: Hemiptera), there was only one complete mitochondrial genome sequenced without gene rearrangement and the phylogeny of infraorder Pentatomomorpha in Heteroptera was still uncertain. Fifteen mitochondrial genomes of the suborder Heteroptera were sequenced. Gene rearrangements were found as follows: 1) tRNA-I and tRNA-Q switched positions in Aradidae, 2) tRNA-T and tRNA-P switched positions in Largidae and Pyrrhocoridae. Two recombination events were found in Alydidae and Malcidae. The other mt-genomes were organized in the same way as observed in Drosophila yakuba. The phylogenetic analyses of infraorder Pentatomomorpha based on the nucleotide sequence raised the hypothesis of (Aradoidea + (Pentatomoidea + (Pyrrhocoroidea + (Lygaeoidea + Coreoidea)))). The rearrangement of tRNA-T and tRNA-P also linked Largidae and Pyrrhocoridae together. Furthermore, the conserved sequence block in the unusual intergenic spacers between tRNA-H and ND4 favored the monophyly of Lygaeoidea. Tetranucleotide ATCA was inferred to be the initiation codon of ND2 in Cydnidae. No correlation was found between the rates of nucleotide substitution and gene rearrangement. CG content was significantly correlated with the nucleotide substitution rate of each gene. For ND1, there was a positive correlation (P < 0.01) between amino acids variations and hydrophobicity, but a negative correlation (P < 0.01) for ND6. No conserved sequence was found among the control regions and these regions were not always the most AT-rich region of the mt-genome. Heteropteran insects are extremely complex groups worthy of further study because of the unusual tetranucleotide initiation codon and their great mt-genomic diversity, including gene rearrangements and recombinations. The mt-genome is a powerful molecular marker for resolving phylogeny at the level of the superfamily and family. Gene rearrangements were not correlated with nucleotide substitution rates. CG content variation caused the different evolutionary patterns among genes. For ND1, in many polar or nonpolar regions the specific identity of the amino acid residues might be more important than maintaining the polarity of these regions, while the opposite is true for ND6. Most sequences of the control regions did not appear to be important for regulatory functions. Finally, we suggest that the term "AT-rich regions" should not be used.
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