A large bioassay identifies Stb resistance genes that provide broad resistance against Septoria tritici blotch disease in the UK.
A large bioassay identifies Stb resistance genes that provide broad resistance against Septoria tritici blotch disease in the UK.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2022.1070986
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Kanyuka, Kostya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tidd, Henry;Rudd, Jason J. J.;Ray, Rumiana V. V.;Bryant, Ruth;Kanyuka, Kostya
小麦壳针孢斑点病（STB）是欧洲小麦上最具破坏性的真菌病害之一，主要原因是育种材料中缺乏有效的抗病基因。目前针对该疾病的主要保护方法，例如杀真菌剂和已经部署的抗病基因，正在失去其有效性。因此，至关重要的是，其他可用的抗病来源被确定，理解和部署的方式，最大限度地提高其有效性和持久性。在这项研究中，我们评估了小麦基因型含有19个已知的主要STB抗性基因（Stb 1到Stb 19）或其组合对一个广泛的面板93英国Zymoseptoria triangulae菌株。使用棉签接种幼苗并监测四周。目视评估了四种感染相关的表型性状。这些是感染后到第一症状和分生孢子发展的天数、具有萎黄/坏死的感染叶面积的覆盖百分比和具有分生孢子的感染叶面积的覆盖百分比。发现不同的Stb基因在它们提供的保护水平上差异很大，对于每个测试的基因型，在四周的分生孢子覆盖率与易感对照显著不同。Stb 10、Stb 11、Stb 12、Stb 16 q、Stb 17和Stb 19被鉴定为贡献广谱抗病性，并且合成六倍体小麦品系被鉴定为特别有希望的广泛有效STB抗性来源。没有一个Z结果表明，该菌株对所有的抗性基因都具有毒力。携带多个Stb基因的小麦基因型被发现提供了比预期更高的抗性水平，因为它们的历史使用水平。此外，有人指出，由不同的Stb基因控制的抗病性与不同水平的失绿相关，在一些基因型中，高水平的早期失绿与对真菌分生孢子发育的高抗性相关，这可能表明存在多种抗性机制。这里获得的知识将有助于英国育种家在未来的育种计划中优先考虑Stb基因，其中抗性基因的最佳组合可以被简化。此外，本研究确定了最感兴趣的Stb基因的克隆和详细的功能分析。
Septoria tritici blotch (STB) is one of the most damaging fungal diseases of wheat in Europe, largely due to the paucity of effective resistance genes against it in breeding materials. Currently dominant protection methods against this disease, e.g. fungicides and the disease resistance genes already deployed, are losing their effectiveness. Therefore, it is vital that other available disease resistance sources are identified, understood and deployed in a manner that maximises their effectiveness and durability. In this study, we assessed wheat genotypes containing nineteen known major STB resistance genes (Stb1 through to Stb19) or combinations thereof against a broad panel of 93 UK Zymoseptoria tritici isolates. Seedlings were inoculated using a cotton swab and monitored for four weeks. Four infection-related phenotypic traits were visually assessed. These were the days post infection to the development of first symptoms and pycnidia, percentage coverage of the infected leaf area with chlorosis/necrosis and percentage coverage of the infected leaf area with pycnidia. The different Stb genes were found to vary greatly in the levels of protection they provided, with pycnidia coverage at four weeks differing significantly from susceptible controls for every tested genotype. Stb10, Stb11, Stb12, Stb16q, Stb17, and Stb19 were identified as contributing broad spectrum disease resistance, and synthetic hexaploid wheat lines were identified as particularly promising sources of broadly effective STB resistances. No single Z. tritici isolate was found to be virulent against all tested resistance genes. Wheat genotypes carrying multiple Stb genes were found to provide higher levels of resistance than expected given their historical levels of use. Furthermore, it was noted that disease resistance controlled by different Stb genes was associated with different levels of chlorosis, with high levels of early chlorosis in some genotypes correlated with high resistance to fungal pycnidia development, potentially suggesting the presence of multiple resistance mechanisms. The knowledge obtained here will aid UK breeders in prioritising Stb genes for future breeding programmes, in which optimal combinations of resistance genes could be pyramided. In addition, this study identified the most interesting Stb genes for cloning and detailed functional analysis.
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影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Ghaffary, Seyed Mahmod Tabib;Robert, Olivier;Laurent, Valerie;Lonnet, Philippe;Margale, Eric;van der Lee, Theo A. J.;Visser, Richard G. F.;Kema, Gert H. J.
通讯作者：
Kema, Gert H. J.
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Adhikari, TB;Anderson, JM;Goodwin, SB
通讯作者：
Goodwin, SB
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Fraaije, BA;Cools, HJ;Lucas, JA
通讯作者：
Lucas, JA
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Adhikari, TB;Yang, X;Goodwin, SB
通讯作者：
Goodwin, SB
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Chartrain, L.;Sourdille, P.;Brown, J. K. M.
通讯作者：
Brown, J. K. M.