HIV-1 entry: Duels between Env and host antiviral transmembrane proteins on the surface of virus particles.

HIV-1 entry: Duels between Env and host antiviral transmembrane proteins on the surface of virus particles.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.coviro.2021.07.005
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发表时间:
2021-10
影响因子:
5.9
通讯作者:
Ono A
Ono A
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Murakami T;Ono A

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人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)是艾滋病的病原体。其进入步骤由包膜糖蛋白(Env)介导。在进入过程中,Env极大地改变了其构象。虽然非配体Env倾向于具有封闭结构,但Env的受体结合打开其构象,这导致病毒-细胞膜融合。单分子荧光共振能量转移(smFRET)成像允许观察病毒体表面上的这些构象变化。新生的HIV-1颗粒包含多种宿主跨膜蛋白,其中一些抑制进入过程。Env结构或其动力学可能决定这些抗病毒机制的有效性。本文综述了近年来有关病毒粒子上Env构象变化及病毒粒子掺入宿主跨膜蛋白对Env活性的抑制作用的研究进展。
Human Immunodeficiency Virus type-1 (HIV-1) is the causative agent of AIDS. Its entry step is mediated by the envelope glycoprotein (Env). During the entry process, Env vastly changes its conformation. While non-liganded Env tends to have a closed structure, receptor-binding of Env opens its conformation, which leads to virus-cell membrane fusion. Single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) imaging allows observation of these conformational changes on the virion surface. Nascent HIV-1 particles incorporate multiple host transmembrane proteins, some of which inhibit the entry process. The Env structure or its dynamics may determine the effectiveness of these antiviral mechanisms. Here, we review recent findings about the Env conformation changes on virus particles and inhibition of Env activities by virion-incorporated host transmembrane proteins.
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