Molecular Mechanisms of Iron and Heme Metabolism.

Molecular Mechanisms of Iron and Heme Metabolism.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-nutr-062320-112625
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发表时间:
2022-08-22
影响因子:
8.9
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学2区
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--
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铁是人体中丰富的金属,对于关键的生物途径,包括氧气运输,DNA代谢和线粒体功能至关重要。大多数铁与血红素结合,但它也可以结合到铁硫簇中或直接与蛋白质结合。铁在Fe 2+和Fe 3+之间循环的能力有助于其生物效用,但也使其过量有毒。血红素是一种含铁的四吡咯,对多种生物功能至关重要,包括气体运输和传感,氧化代谢和异生物质解毒。像铁一样,血红素是必不可少的,但过量有毒。因此,铁和血红素的稳态都受到严格的调节。在这里,我们讨论铁和血红素代谢的分子和生理方面。我们专注于膳食吸收;细胞进口;利用;和出口,回收和消除,强调近年来发表的研究。最后,我们讨论了当前铁和血红素生物学领域的挑战和需求。
An abundant metal in the human body, iron is essential for key biological pathways including oxygen transport, DNA metabolism, and mitochondrial function. Most iron is bound to heme but it can also be incorporated into iron-sulfur clusters or bind directly to proteins. Iron’s capacity to cycle between Fe2+ and Fe3+ contributes to its biological utility but also renders it toxic in excess. Heme is an iron-containing tetrapyrrole essential for diverse biological functions including gas transport and sensing, oxidative metabolism, and xenobiotic detoxification. Like iron, heme is essential yet toxic in excess. As such, both iron and heme homeostasis are tightly regulated. Here we discuss molecular and physiologic aspects of iron and heme metabolism. We focus on dietary absorption; cellular import; utilization; and export, recycling, and elimination, emphasizing studies published in recent years. We end with a discussion on current challenges and needs in the field of iron and heme biology.
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