Origins of specificity in protein-DNA recognition.

Origins of specificity in protein-DNA recognition.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-biochem-060408-091030
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发表时间:
2010
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Mann RS
Mann RS
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rohs R;Jin X;West SM;Joshi R;Honig B;Mann RS

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Specific interactions between proteins and DNA are fundamental to many biological processes. In this review, we provide a revised view of protein-DNA interactions that emphasizes the importance of the three-dimensional structures of both macromolecules. We divide protein-DNA interactions into two categories: those where the protein recognizes the unique chemical signatures of the DNA bases (base readout) and those where the protein recognizes a sequence-dependent DNA shape (shape readout). We further divide base readout into those interactions that occur in the major groove from those that occur in the minor groove. Analogously, the readout of DNA shape is subdivided into global shape recognition, for example when the DNA helix exhibits an overall bend, and local shape recognition, for example when a base pair step is kinked or when a region of the minor groove is narrow. Based on the >1500 structures of protein-DNA complexes now available in the Protein Data Base, we argue that individual DNA binding proteins combine multiple readout mechanisms to achieve DNA binding specificity. Specificity that distinguishes between families frequently involves base readout in the major groove while shape readout is often exploited for higher resolution specificity, to distinguish between members within the same DNA-binding protein family.
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