Polyfluorophores on a DNA backbone: a multicolor set of labels excited at one wavelength.
Polyfluorophores on a DNA backbone: a multicolor set of labels excited at one wavelength.
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DOI：
10.1021/ja805502k
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发表时间：
2009-03-25
影响因子：
15
通讯作者：
Kool ET
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Teo YN;Wilson JN;Kool ET
我们最近描述了将荧光脱氧核苷单体（“氟苷”）组装成类似 DNA 的磷酸二酯低聚物（寡脱氧氟苷，或 ODF），其中烃和杂环芳香族荧光团在物理和电子方面相互作用。在这里，我们报告了一组多色水溶性 ODF 染料的鉴定，这些染料在可见光谱范围内显示发射颜色，并且所有这些染料都可以同时被 340−380 nm 的长波长紫外光激发。多光谱候选染料是从 4096 个四聚体 ODF 库中选择的，该库构建在 PEG-聚苯乙烯珠上，使用简单的长通滤光片同时观察所有可见颜色。我们重新合成并表征了一组 23 个 ODF，其中包含 1 到 4 个单独的发色团，并包含 2−3 个间隔单体以增加水溶性并最大限度地减少聚集。该组的发射最大值范围为 376 nm 至 633 nm，产生从紫色到红色的表观颜色，所有这些都可以直接可视化。该组中几乎所有 ODF 的光谱与单体组分的简单组合有很大不同，揭示了可能堆叠的单体之间广泛的电子相互作用。此外，对集合中的字谜（在不同序列中具有相同成分的异构体）的比较揭示了最近邻相互作用在发射行为中的重要性。对人类肿瘤 (HeLa) 细胞的初步实验通过激光共聚焦显微镜观察两个 ODF，结果表明它们可以穿透细胞外膜，产生细胞质定位。此外，一组四个颜色鲜明的 ODF 与活斑马鱼胚胎一起孵育，显示出组织渗透性、明显的生物稳定性，并且没有明显的毒性。结果表明，ODF 染料可广泛用作生物系统中的标记，允许通过颜色同时跟踪多个物种，并允许在经典荧光团失效的移动系统中进行可视化。
We recently described the assembly of fluorescent deoxyriboside monomers (“fluorosides”) into DNA-like phosphodiester oligomers (oligodeoxyfluorosides, or ODFs) in which hydrocarbon and heterocyclic aromatic fluorophores interact both physically and electronically. Here we report the identification of a multicolor set of water-soluble ODF dyes that display emission colors across the visible spectrum, and all of which can be simultaneously excited by long-wavelength UV light at 340−380 nm. Multispectral dye candidates were chosen from a library of 4096 tetramer ODFs constructed on PEG-polystyrene beads using a simple long-pass filter to observe all visible colors at the same time. We re-synthesized and characterized a set of 23 ODFs containing one to four individual chromophores, and included 2−3 spacer monomers to increase aqueous solubility and minimize aggregation. Emission maxima of this set range from 376 nm to 633 nm, yielding apparent colors from violet to red, all of which can be visualized directly. The spectra of virtually all ODFs in this set varied considerably from the simple combination of monomer components, revealing extensive electronic interactions between the presumably stacked monomers. In addition, comparisons of anagrams in the set (isomers having the same components in a different sequence) reveal the importance of nearest-neighbor interactions in the emissive behavior. Preliminary experiments with human tumor (HeLa) cells, observing two ODFs by laser confocal microscopy, showed that they can penetrate the outer cellular membrane, yielding cytoplasmic localization. In addition, a set of four distinctly-colored ODFs was incubated with live zebrafish embryos, showing tissue penetration, apparent biostability, and no apparent toxicity. The results suggest that ODF dyes may be broadly useful as labels in biological systems, allowing the simultaneous tracking of multiple species by color, and allowing visualization in moving systems where classical fluorophores fail.
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