Empirical assessment of road network resilience in natural hazards using crowdsourced traffic data
Empirical assessment of road network resilience in natural hazards using crowdsourced traffic data
复制标题
使用众包交通数据对自然灾害中道路网络复原力进行实证评估
DOI：
10.1080/13658816.2019.1694681
复制
发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Xu, Jinwen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Qiang, Yi;Xu, Jinwen
气候变化和自然灾害对作为人类社会“生命线”的道路运输系统构成巨大威胁。然而，通常缺乏经验数据和方法来评估道路网络在实际危险事件中的恢复能力。本研究引入了一种基于谷歌地图众包交通数据的路网弹性评估实证方法。基于复原力的概念和Hansen可达性指数，通过灾害期间可达性随时间的累积减少来衡量路网的复原力。这种方法的效用在《冬季风暴哈珀》中对克利夫兰大都市区（俄亥俄州）的案例研究中得到了证明。结果表明，灾害期间路网性能的扰动和恢复速率存在较大的空间差异。研究结果表明：(1)灾害发生时，距离越远，旅行时间的增长比例越大；(2)正常情况下可达性较低的社区路网弹性较低；(3)确定了低恢复力的空间集群，包括低社会经济能力的社区。引入的方法为现有的定量模型提供了实地验证，并支持灾害管理和交通规划，以减少灾害对道路网络的影响。
Climate change and natural hazards pose great threats to road transport systems which are ‘lifelines’ of human society. However, there is generally a lack of empirical data and approaches for assessing resilience of road networks in real hazard events. This study introduces an empirical approach to evaluate road network resilience using crowdsourced traffic data in Google Maps. Based on the conceptualization of resilience and the Hansen accessibility index, resilience of road network is measured from accumulated accessibility reduction over time during a hazard. The utility of this approach is demonstrated in a case study of the Cleveland metropolitan area (Ohio) in Winter Storm Harper. The results reveal strong spatial variations of the disturbance and recovery rate of road network performance during the hazard. The major findings of the case study are: (1) longer distance travels have higher increasing ratios of travel time during the hazard; (2) communities with low accessibility at the normal condition have lower road network resilience; (3) spatial clusters of low resilience are identified, including communities with low socio-economic capacities. The introduced approach provides ground-truth validation for existing quantitative models and supports disaster management and transportation planning to reduce hazard impacts on road network.
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影响因子：
3.6
作者：
GETIS, A;ORD, JK
通讯作者：
ORD, JK
影响因子：
6.8
作者：
Cox, Andrew;Prager, Fynnwin;Rose, Adam
通讯作者：
Rose, Adam
自然灾害经验和适应：挪威冬季气候导致道路封闭的研究
DOI：
10.1080/00291951.2016.1238847
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography
影响因子：
--
作者：
J. K. S. Jacobsen;M. Leiren;J. Saarinen
通讯作者：
J. Saarinen
影响因子：
12.7
作者：
Eisenberg, D;Warner, KE
通讯作者：
Warner, KE