Detection of La Crosse Virus In Situ and in Individual Progeny to Assess the Vertical Transmission Potential in Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti.
Detection of La Crosse Virus In Situ and in Individual Progeny to Assess the Vertical Transmission Potential in Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti.
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我们调查了正本亚病毒La Crosse病毒(LACV)在蚊子Ae中的垂直传播潜力。Albopictus和Ae.埃及伊蚊。在这两种蚊子中，对病毒的有效中肠感染是随后卵巢感染的先决条件。然而，中肠感染水平在两个物种之间有所不同，Ae。白纹伊蚊对LACV感染的易感性高于Ae。埃及伊蚊。在这两种蚊子中，LACV从母亲到后代的垂直传播率低于通常描述的经卵传播(TOT)水平。Ae.卵巢组织中LACV的感染模式。埃及伊蚊提示该病毒是通过卵子传播的。在几个Ae.在白纹伊蚊样本中，在卵泡组织或少数发育中的卵母细胞中检测到LACV抗原，表明LACV的TOT可能存在于该蚊种中。因此，TOT不是蚊子感染LACV的一般特征。拉克罗斯病毒(LACV)正在美国中西部和东南部各州传播，可导致人类脑炎。该病毒的主要传播媒介是东部树洞蚊子，三色伊蚊。天哪。白纹伊蚊也被描述为一种天然的LACV媒介，而Ae.埃及伊蚊在实验室条件下感染了该病毒。在这里，我们比较了LACV在Ae中的垂直传输势。Albopictus和Ae.埃及伊蚊，重点是病毒在两个物种中产生的卵巢感染模式。这两种蚊子都接受了含有LACV的人造血粉。在感染/血餐后确定的时间点，对中肠、头组织和卵巢进行病毒检测。卵巢中的病毒感染模式通过免疫荧光共聚焦显微镜和使用LACV特异性单抗的免疫组织病理学分析来可视化。在Ae.Aegypti，LACV面临中肠感染和逃逸障碍，这些在Ae中要少得多。白纹伊蚊，导致后者的感染率明显较高。在摄取含有病毒的单一血粉后，没有发现子代幼虫感染病毒。无论如何，这两个物种的雌性都显示出其卵巢鞘中存在LACV抗原。此外，在单个Ae中。白纹伊蚊为雌性，病毒抗原与初级毛囊内的哺乳细胞相关。在摄入含有LACV的血粉后7天或10天再次摄入第二次非传染性血粉后，更多的Ae.白纹伊蚊Ae.埃及人感染了病毒。在两种蚊虫的卵室和卵巢鞘中均检测到LACV抗原。在Ae的少数卵母细胞中也检测到微量的病毒抗原。白纹伊蚊。低水平的垂直传播和大多数卵巢感染模式表明病毒在两种媒介物种中是经卵传播而不是经卵母细胞传播(TOT)。然而，根据对卵泡组织和卵母细胞中LACV抗原的检测，几种Ae之间存在TOT的可能性。白纹伊蚊雌性。因此，TOT不是蚊子感染LACV的一般特征。相反，LACV的TOT似乎依赖于它与雌性生殖组织的特殊相互作用。
We investigated the vertical transmission potential of the Orthobunyavirus La Crosse virus (LACV) in the mosquitoes Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti. In both mosquito species, productive midgut infection with the virus was a prerequisite for the following ovary infection. However, the midgut infection levels varied between both species, with Ae. albopictus being more susceptible to LACV infection than Ae. aegypti. In both mosquito species, the vertical transmission rates of LACV from mothers to offspring were below those levels typically described for transovarial transmission (TOT). The LACV infection patterns in the ovarian tissue of Ae. aegypti suggested the transovum transmission of the virus. In several Ae. albopictus samples, LACV antigen was detected in follicular tissue or in a few developing oocytes, indicating that the TOT of LACV could be potentially occurring in this mosquito species. Thus, TOT is not a general feature of LACV infections in mosquitoes. La Crosse virus (LACV) is circulating in the midwestern and southeastern states of the United States and can cause human encephalitis. The main vector of the virus is the eastern tree-hole mosquito, Aedes triseriatus. Ae. albopictus has been also described as a natural LACV vector, while Ae. aegypti has been infected with the virus under laboratory conditions. Here, we compare the vertical transmission potential of LACV in Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti, with emphasis given to the ovarian infection patterns that the virus generates in both species. Both mosquito species received artificial bloodmeals containing LACV. At defined time points post-infection/bloodmeal, midguts, head tissue, and ovaries were analyzed for the presence of virus. Viral infection patterns in the ovaries were visualized via immunofluorescence confocal microscopy and immunohistopathology assays using an LACV-specific monoclonal antibody. In Ae. aegypti, LACV was confronted with midgut infection and escape barriers, which were much less pronounced in Ae. albopictus, resulting in a significantly higher prevalence of infection in the latter. Following the ingestion of a single virus-containing bloodmeal, no progeny larvae were found to be virus-infected. Regardless, females of both species showed the presence of LACV antigen in their ovariole sheaths. Furthermore, in a single Ae. albopictus female, viral antigen was associated with the nurse cells inside the primary follicles. Following the ingestion of a second non-infectious bloodmeal at 7- or 10-days post-ingestion of an LACV-containing bloodmeal, more progeny larvae of Ae. albopictus than of Ae. aegypti were virus-infected. LACV antigen was detected in the egg chambers and ovariole sheaths of both mosquito species. Traces of viral antigen were also detected in a few oocytes from Ae. albopictus. The low level of vertical transmission and the majority of the ovarian infection patterns suggested the transovum rather than transovarial transmission (TOT) of the virus in both vector species. However, based on the detection of LACV antigen in follicular tissue and oocytes, there was the potential for TOT among several Ae. albopictus females. Thus, TOT is not a general feature of LACV infection in mosquitoes. Instead, the TOT of LACV seems to be dependent on its particular interaction with the reproductive tissues of a female.
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影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Bergren NA;Borland EM;Hartman DA;Kading RC
通讯作者：
Kading RC
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
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影响因子：
2.1
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
2.1
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Isoe, Jun;Koch, Lauren E.;Miesfeld, Roger L.
通讯作者：
Miesfeld, Roger L.