The role of glutamate and its receptors in autism and the use of glutamate receptor antagonists in treatment.

The role of glutamate and its receptors in autism and the use of glutamate receptor antagonists in treatment.
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谷氨酸及其受体在自闭症中的作用以及谷氨酸受体拮抗剂在治疗中的应用。

DOI:
10.1007/s00702-014-1216-0
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发表时间:
2014-08
期刊:
Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Rojas DC
Rojas DC
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rojas DC

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谷氨酸是大脑中主要的兴奋性神经递质,可能是自闭症的关键神经递质。关于谷氨酸盐和自闭症或相关疾病的文献(例如,脆性X综合征)的研究进展。由于越来越多的证据表明该系统与外周生物标志物、神经影像学、蛋白质表达、遗传学和动物模型有关,因此对自闭症中的神经元功能障碍的兴趣很高。目前,还没有药物干预措施被批准用于自闭症,以解决这种疾病中的谷氨酸缺乏。然而,与多巴胺能神经传递相关的新疗法正在出现。此外,正在研究具有批准的用于其他疾病的适应症的旧谷氨酸调节药物,以重新分配为自闭症的治疗方法。这篇综述提供了支持自闭症谷氨酸异常的证据,以及翻译成新的治疗方法的潜力。
Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain and may be a key neurotransmitter involved in autism. Literature pertaining to glutamate and autism or related disorders (e.g., Fragile X syndrome) is reviewed in this article. Interest in glutamatergic dysfunction in autism is high due to increasing convergent evidence implicating the system in the disorder from peripheral biomarkers, neuroimaging, protein expression, genetics and animal models. Currently, there are no pharmaceutical interventions approved for autism that address glutamate deficits in the disorder. New treatments related to glutamatergic neurotransmission, however, are emerging. In addition, older glutamate-modulating medications with approved indications for use in other disorders are being investigated for re-tasking as treatments for autism. This review presents evidence in support of glutamate abnormalities in autism and the potential for translation into new treatments for the disorder.
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