Health Risk Assessment of Metals via Multi-Source Oral Exposure for Children Living in Areas with Intense Electronic Manufacturing Activities.
Health Risk Assessment of Metals via Multi-Source Oral Exposure for Children Living in Areas with Intense Electronic Manufacturing Activities.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph182111409
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发表时间：
2021-10-29
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Xu D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang B;Lin C;Cheng H;Duan X;Wang Q;Xu D
口服摄入是类金属接触的主要途径。本研究以电子制造业为主的中国某地区3-12岁儿童为研究对象，通过多源、经口途径对典型类金属（包括Mn、As、Cr、Cd和Pb）的健康风险进行了研究。测量了儿童特定的摄入参数（土壤摄入率除外，这是从以前的研究相同的人口），并采用蒙特卡罗方法来确定风险评估的不确定性。据观察，生活在这种环境中的儿童面临接触金属的风险，累积致癌风险超过了最高可接受水平。食物摄入被确定为主要接触途径。铅和铬是影响当地儿童健康的主要危险元素。与小学生相比，幼儿园儿童经历了更高的风险。本研究强调应高度关注生活在电子制造业为主的郊区的儿童，应优先研究不同类型食物中金属（类）的暴露及其相应的生物利用度，以进一步识别准确的风险源，保护儿童健康。
Oral ingestion is the predominant pathway of metal(loid)s exposure. In this study, the health risks of typical metal(loid)s (including Mn, As, Cr, Cd, and Pb) via multi-source, oral pathways for children aged 3–12 years, living in an area of China dominated by the electronic manufacturing industry, were studied based on the field sampling of duplicated diet, soil, and drinking water. Child-specific ingestion parameters were measured (except the soil ingestion rates, which were from a previous study of the same population), and a Monte Carlo method was applied to determine the uncertainty of the risk assessment. It was observed that children living in such environments were at risk of metal(loid)s exposure, with the accumulative carcinogenic risk exceeding the maximum acceptable level. Food intake was identified to be the primary exposure pathway. Moreover, Pb and Cr were the major risk elements to local children’s health. Compared with primary school students, kindergarten children experienced a higher risk. This study highlights that high attention should be paid to children living in suburban areas dominated by the electronic manufacturing industry, and that priority should be given to studies on metal(loid)s exposure deriving from different types of food and their corresponding bioavailability, in order to further discern the precise risk sources to protect children’s health.
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