Lifestyle risk factors and residual life expectancy at age 40: a German cohort study.
Lifestyle risk factors and residual life expectancy at age 40: a German cohort study.
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DOI：
10.1186/1741-7015-12-59
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发表时间：
2014-04-07
期刊：
影响因子：
9.3
通讯作者：
Kaaks R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li K;Hüsing A;Kaaks R
吸烟、肥胖、不健康的饮食、酗酒和缺乏体育活动与西方人口中约一半的过早死亡有关。本研究的目的是估计他们的个人和合并剩余寿命（RLE）的影响。EPIC-Heidelberg队列包括22，469名年龄≥40岁且在招募时（1994-1998年）无糖尿病、心血管疾病和癌症的德国成年人，采用多变量Gompertz比例风险模型分析其生活方式和死亡率数据，以预测生活方式风险因素特定基线状态下的终生生存概率。然后使用寿命表法估计RLE。对于40岁的成年人，RLE的最大损失与吸烟有关（男性9.4 [95%置信区间：8.3，10.6]年，女性重度吸烟者7.3 [6.0，8.9]年[>10支/天];吸烟≤10支/天的男性5.3 [3.6，7.1]年，女性5.0 [3.2，6.6]年）。其他与RLE主要损失相关的生活方式风险因素是低体重指数（BMI <22.5 kg/m2，男性3.5 [1.8，5.1]岁;女性2.1 [0.5，3.6]岁），肥胖（BMI ≥30，男性3.1 [1.9，4.4]岁;女性3.2 [1.8，5.1]岁），重度饮酒（男性>4杯/天，3.1 [1.9，4.0]年），以及高加工/红肉消费量（女性≥120 g/天，2.4 [1.0，3.9]年）。在从不吸烟的男性中，肥胖相关的RLE损失更强，而在目前吸烟者中，与低BMI相关的RLE损失更强。女性与低休闲时间体力活动相关的RLE损失为中度（1.1 [0.05，2.1]年），男性为可忽略不计（0.4 [-0.3，1.2]年）。与从不吸烟、最佳BMI（22.5至24.9）、无/轻度饮酒和低加工/红肉消费相比，重度吸烟、肥胖、重度饮酒和高加工/红肉消费的RLE综合损失男性为17.0年，女性为13.9年。在德国和类似的富裕社会，促进健康的生活方式，特别是不吸烟和保持健康的体重，应该是减少过早死亡的公共卫生方法的核心组成部分。
Cigarette smoking, adiposity, unhealthy diet, heavy alcohol drinking and physical inactivity together are associated with about half of premature deaths in Western populations. The aim of this study was to estimate their individual and combined impacts on residual life expectancy (RLE). Lifestyle and mortality data from the EPIC-Heidelberg cohort, comprising 22,469 German adults ≥40 years and free of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer at recruitment (1994–1998), were analyzed with multivariable Gompertz proportional hazards models to predict lifetime survival probabilities given specific baseline status of lifestyle risk factors. The life table method was then used to estimate the RLEs. For 40-year-old adults, the most significant loss of RLE was associated with smoking (9.4 [95% confidence interval: 8.3, 10.6] years for male and 7.3 [6.0, 8.9] years for female heavy smokers [>10 cigarettes/day]; 5.3 [3.6, 7.1] years for men and 5.0 [3.2, 6.6] years for women smoking ≤10 cigarettes/day). Other lifestyle risk factors associated with major losses of RLE were low body mass index (BMI <22.5 kg/m2, 3.5 [1.8, 5.1] years for men; 2.1 [0.5, 3.6] years for women), obesity (BMI ≥30, 3.1 [1.9, 4.4] years for men; 3.2 [1.8, 5.1] years for women), heavy alcohol drinking (>4 drinks/day, 3.1 [1.9, 4.0] years for men), and high processed/red meat consumption (≥120 g/day, 2.4 [1.0, 3.9] years for women). The obesity-associated loss of RLE was stronger in male never smokers, while the loss of RLE associated with low BMI was stronger in current smokers. The loss of RLE associated with low leisure time physical activity was moderate for women (1.1 [0.05, 2.1] years) and negligible for men (0.4 [−0.3, 1.2] years). The combined loss of RLE for heavy smoking, obesity, heavy alcohol drinking and high processed/red meat consumption, versus never smoking, optimal BMI (22.5 to 24.9), no/light alcohol drinking and low processed/red meat consumption, was 17.0 years for men and 13.9 years for women. Promoting healthy lifestyles, particularly no cigarette smoking and maintaining healthy body weight, should be the core component of public health approaches to reducing premature deaths in Germany and similar affluent societies.
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影响因子：
158.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
Kvaavik, Elisabeth;Batty, G. David;Gale, Catharine R.
通讯作者：
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