Staphylococcus aureus in the house fly: temporospatial fate of bacteria and expression of the antimicrobial peptide defensin.
Staphylococcus aureus in the house fly: temporospatial fate of bacteria and expression of the antimicrobial peptide defensin.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1603/me12189
复制
发表时间：
2013-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Joyner C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nayduch D;Cho H;Joyner C
家蝇在微生物丰富的生境中传播在进食和繁殖活动中获得的许多种细菌。先前的家蝇调查已经检测到病原体金黄色葡萄球菌Rosenbach 1884，其导致哺乳动物的皮肤和脓毒性感染以及肠毒性食物中毒。我们评估了表达GFP的S.金黄色葡萄球菌（GFP-S.金黄色葡萄球菌（aureus）在家蝇消化道中的分布。此外，在作物，前胃，中肠，和脂肪体的抗菌肽基因防御素的同时表达进行了测量。在摄入后4 h（PI），GFP-S.金黄色葡萄球菌在喂食1005菌落形成单位的果蝇的后肠和直肠中被观察为球菌或双球菌。细菌持续至PI 6 h，但显著减少。活GFP-S的排泄。金黄色葡萄球菌在PI 2小时达到峰值，尽管显著降低，但持续到PI 4小时。在感染后2、4和6小时，防御素在消化道中局部高度上调，在脂肪体中全身性上调，这使得该研究首次报道了，据我们所知，在通过进食暴露的苍蝇中，上皮和全身对具有赖氨酸型肽聚糖的细菌的反应。而蝇类则以S.金黄色葡萄球菌培养长达6 h PI，在0-2 h PI时出现生物学相关量细菌的最高可能性。排泄、消化和抗微生物效应物的综合作用可能导致摄入细菌的损失。然而，家蝇是S.金黄色葡萄球菌感染后2小时，环境水库感染后6小时。
House flies disseminate numerous species of bacteria acquired during feeding and breeding activities in microbe-rich habitats. Previous house fly surveys have detected the pathogen Staphylococcus aureus Rosenbach 1884, which causes cutaneous and septic infections in mammals, and enterotoxic food poisoning. We assessed the fate of GFP-expressing S. aureus (GFP-S. aureus) in the house fly alimentary canal with microscopy and by culture of whole flies and excreta. Furthermore, the concurrent expression of the antimicrobial peptide gene defensin was measured in the crop, proventriculus, midgut, and fat body. As soon as 4 h postingestion (PI), GFP-S. aureus were visualized as cocci or diplococci in the hindgut and rectum of flies fed ≈105 colony forming units. Bacteria persisted up to 6 h PI but significantly decreased. Excretion of viable GFP-S. aureus peaked at 2 h PI and, although significantly less, continued up to 4 h PI. defensin was highly upregulated locally in the alimentary canal and systemically in fat body at 2, 4, and 6 h PI making this study the first to report, to our knowledge, an epithelial and systemic response to a bacterium with lysine-type peptidoglycan in flies exposed via feeding. While flies harbored S. aureus for up to 6 h PI, the highest probability of vectoring biologically relevant amounts of bacteria occurred 0–2 h PI. The combined effects of excretion, digestion and antimicrobial effectors likely contribute to loss of ingested bacteria. Nonetheless, house flies are relevant vectors for S. aureus up to 2 h PI and environmental reservoirs up to 6 h PI.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Hao, ZG;Kasumba, I;Aksoy, S
通讯作者：
Aksoy, S
影响因子：
6.9
作者：
FOTEDAR, R;BANERJEE, U;VERMA, AK
通讯作者：
VERMA, AK
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Liehl P;Blight M;Vodovar N;Boccard F;Lemaitre B
通讯作者：
Lemaitre B
影响因子：
168.9
作者：
COHEN, D;GREEN, M;LEVINE, MM
通讯作者：
LEVINE, MM
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Doud, C. W.;Zurek, L.
通讯作者：
Zurek, L.