Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) Imaging: a Review.

Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) Imaging: a Review.
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DOI:
10.2174/157340511798038657
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发表时间:
2011-11-01
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Nightingale K
Nightingale K
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nightingale K

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基于声辐射力的弹性成像方法正在被许多小组研究。这些方法与传统的超声弹性成像方法不同,因为它们不需要压缩换能器,因此对操作员的依赖程度较低。已经开发了利用脉冲(即1毫秒)、谐波(脉冲)和稳态辐射力激励的方法。本文讨论的工作使用脉冲方法,为此已经采用了两种成像方法:1)监测辐射力激发区域(ROE)内的组织响应并生成组织刚度相对差异的图像(声辐射力脉冲(ARFI)成像);以及2)监测远离ROE的剪切波的传播速度以量化组织硬度(剪切波弹性成像(SWI))。对于这些方法,商业超声系统上的单个超声换能器既可用于在组织中产生声辐射力,又可用于监测组织的位移响应。组织对这种瞬时激励的响应是复杂的,取决于组织几何形状、辐射力场几何形状以及组织的机械和声学特性。较高的剪切波速度和较小的位移与较僵硬的组织相关,而较低的剪切波速度和较大的位移发生在较柔顺的组织中。ARFI图像具有与B超相当的空间分辨率,通常具有更高的对比度,提供匹配的辅助信息。SWUI图像提供有关组织硬度的定量信息,通常具有较低的空间分辨率。本文对这些方法和临床应用实例进行了综述。
Acoustic radiation force based elasticity imaging methods are under investigation by many groups. These methods differ from traditional ultrasonic elasticity imaging methods in that they do not require compression of the transducer, and are thus expected to be less operator dependent. Methods have been developed that utilize impulsive (i.e. < 1 ms), harmonic (pulsed), and steady state radiation force excitations. The work discussed herein utilizes impulsive methods, for which two imaging approaches have been pursued: 1) monitoring the tissue response within the radiation force region of excitation (ROE) and generating images of relative differences in tissue stiffness (Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) imaging); and 2) monitoring the speed of shear wave propagation away from the ROE to quantify tissue stiffness (Shear Wave Elasticity Imaging (SWEI)). For these methods, a single ultrasound transducer on a commercial ultrasound system can be used to both generate acoustic radiation force in tissue, and to monitor the tissue displacement response. The response of tissue to this transient excitation is complicated and depends upon tissue geometry, radiation force field geometry, and tissue mechanical and acoustic properties. Higher shear wave speeds and smaller displacements are associated with stiffer tissues, and slower shear wave speeds and larger displacements occur with more compliant tissues. ARFI images have spatial resolution comparable to that of B-mode, often with greater contrast, providing matched, adjunctive information. SWEI images provide quantitative information about the tissue stiffness, typically with lower spatial resolution. A review these methods and examples of clinical applications are presented herein.
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