Dietary Whey and Casein Differentially Affect Energy Balance, Gut Hormones, Glucose Metabolism, and Taste Preference in Diet-Induced Obese Rats.
Dietary Whey and Casein Differentially Affect Energy Balance, Gut Hormones, Glucose Metabolism, and Taste Preference in Diet-Induced Obese Rats.
复制标题
膳食乳清和酪蛋白对饮食引起的肥胖大鼠的能量平衡、肠道激素、葡萄糖代谢和味觉偏好有不同的影响。
DOI：
10.3945/jn.115.213843
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Chelikani
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Pezeshki;A. Fahim;P. Chelikani
背景
饮食中的乳清和酪蛋白减少食物摄入量和体重，改善血糖控制；然而，对其潜在机制知之甚少。
客观化
我们确定了饮食中乳清、酪蛋白以及两者的组合对大鼠能量平衡、激素、葡萄糖代谢和味觉偏好的影响。
方法
在实验中。1.以高脂对照饲料(33%脂肪能量)喂养易肥胖CD(OP-CD)大鼠8wk，然后随机分为4组(n=12)：对照组(CO；14%蛋清蛋白能量)、乳清组(WH；26%乳清+14%蛋清)、酪蛋白组(CA；26%酪蛋白+14%蛋清)、或乳清+酪蛋白处理(HCWA；13%乳清+13%酪蛋白+14%蛋清)共28 d。测量指标包括摄食量、能量消耗、体成分、代谢激素、糖耐量以及葡萄糖和能量代谢的关键组织标志物。在实验中。2、幼稚OP-CD大鼠随机分为3组(n=8/组)。在8d的调整期内，每组隔天接受CO或WH、CO或CA、或CO或WHCA。随后，对试验性饮食的偏好进行了连续两天的评估，并定期测量食物摄入量。
结果
在实验中。1.与CO组相比，WH组和CA组大鼠在前14天的摄食量减少了17-37%，而WHCA组仅在前4天减少了18-34%。与CO大鼠相比，WH大鼠脂肪质量从第14天起下降了21-28%，CA大鼠下降了17-33%，而WHCA大鼠仅在第28天下降了30%。因此，WH和CA大鼠的食物摄入量、体重和脂肪质量比WHCA大鼠下降得更快。WH大鼠前4d的能量消耗低于CA和WHCA大鼠，7d的能量消耗低于CO大鼠。WH、CA和WHCA大鼠的循环瘦素、葡萄糖依赖的促胰岛素多肽、白介素6和葡萄糖浓度低于CO大鼠。WH大鼠血浆胰高血糖素样肽1浓度高于CA或WHCA大鼠。WH组大鼠糖耐量的改善比WHCA组大鼠更大。CA和WHCA大鼠骨骼肌质膜葡萄糖转运蛋白4(GLUT4)/总GLUT4的比值高于CO大鼠，脂肪组织和心肌组织中葡萄糖和能量代谢的其他指标没有差异。在实验中。2.在4次条件反射实验中，WH、CA和WHCA大鼠的日摄食量分别比CO大鼠减少了26-37%、30-43%和23-33%。WH大鼠和CA大鼠的偏好分别比CO大鼠低45%和31%，但WHCA大鼠的偏好没有差异。
结论
总之，这些数据表明，在肥胖大鼠中，乳清、酪蛋白及其组合通过对食物摄入量、味觉偏好、能量消耗、葡萄糖耐量和胃肠激素分泌的不同影响来改善能量平衡。
BACKGROUND
Dietary whey and casein proteins decrease food intake and body weight and improve glycemic control; however, little is known about the underlying mechanisms.
OBJECTIVE
We determined the effects of dietary whey, casein, and a combination of the 2 on energy balance, hormones, glucose metabolism, and taste preference in rats.
METHODS
In Expt. 1, Obesity Prone CD (OP-CD) rats were fed a high-fat control diet (33% fat energy) for 8 wk, and then randomly assigned to 4 isocaloric dietary treatments (n = 12/group): the control treatment (CO; 14% protein energy from egg white), the whey treatment (WH; 26% whey + 14% egg white), the casein treatment (CA; 26% casein + 14% egg white), or the whey plus casein treatment (WHCA; 13% whey + 13% casein + 14% egg white) for 28 d. Measurements included food intake, energy expenditure, body composition, metabolic hormones, glucose tolerance and key tissue markers of glucose and energy metabolism. In Expt. 2, naïve OP-CD rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n = 8/group). During an 8 d conditioning period, each group received on alternate days either the CO or WH, CO or CA, or CO or WHCA. Subsequently, preferences for the test diets were assessed on 2 consecutive days with food intake measurements at regular intervals.
RESULTS
In Expt. 1, food intake was decreased by 17-37% for the first 14 d in the WH and CA rats, and by 18-34% only for the first 4 d in the WHCA compared with the CO rats. Fat mass decreased by 21-28% for the WH rats and 17-33% for the CA rats from day 14 onward, but by 30% only on day 28 in WHCA rats, relative to CO rats. Thus, food intake, body weight, and fat mass decreased more rapidly in WH and CA rats than in WHCA rats. Energy expenditure in WH rats decreased for the first 4 d compared with CA and WHCA rats, and for the first 7 d compared with the CO rats. Circulating leptin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, interleukin 6, and glucose concentrations were lower in WH, CA, and WHCA rats than in CO rats. Plasma glucagon-like peptide 1 concentrations were greater in WH than in CA or WHCA rats. The improvements in glucose tolerance were greater in WH than in WHCA rats. The plasma membrane glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4)-to-total GLUT4 ratio in skeletal muscle was greater in CA and WHCA rats than in CO rats; other markers of glucose and energy metabolism in the adipose and cardiac tissues did not differ. In Expt. 2, during 4 conditioning trials, daily food intake was decreased in WH, CA, and WHCA rats by 26-37%, 30-43%, and 23-33%, respectively, compared with CO rats. Preferences for WH and CA rats were 45% and 31% lower, respectively, than those for CO rats, but that for WHCA rats did not differ.
CONCLUSION
Together, these data demonstrate that in obese rats, whey, casein, and their combination improve energy balance through differential effects on food intake, taste preference, energy expenditure, glucose tolerance, and gut hormone secretion.
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高蛋白饮食选择性地减少西式饮食诱导的肥胖大鼠的脂肪量并改善葡萄糖耐量。
DOI：
10.1152/ajpregu.00598.2012
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Stengel,Andreas;Goebel-Stengel,Miriam;Wang,Lixin;Hu,Eugenia;Karasawa,Hiroshi;Pisegna,JosephR;Taché,Yvette
通讯作者：
Taché,Yvette
影响因子：
24
作者：
Jensen, Michael D.;Ryan, Donna H.;Yanovski, Susan Z.
通讯作者：
Yanovski, Susan Z.
影响因子：
5
作者：
Noatsch, Anne;Petzke, Klaus J.;Klaus, Susanne
通讯作者：
Klaus, Susanne
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Freudenberg, Anne;Petzke, Klaus J.;Klaus, Susanne
通讯作者：
Klaus, Susanne
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Shertzer, Howard G.;Woods, Sally E.;Pearson, Kevin J.
通讯作者：
Pearson, Kevin J.