Optogenetic conditioning of paradigm and pattern discrimination in the rat somatosensory system.
Optogenetic conditioning of paradigm and pattern discrimination in the rat somatosensory system.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0189439
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Yawo H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abe K;Yawo H
啮齿动物的须桶皮层系统是研究体感识别的高时空精度模型。在这里，我们利用一种转基因大鼠系W-TChR2V4在须囊周围的机械感受神经末梢表达通道视紫红质-2 (ChR2)，应用光遗传学技术在须区域产生体感输入。将清醒的W-TChR2V4大鼠头部固定，并在有奖励条件的范式下用蓝色LED灯照射须区。Go任务是这样设计的，当老鼠在光刺激后5秒内舔嘴时，它就可以获得奖励。“不去”任务是这样设计的：在光刺激后，大鼠必须停止舔食至少5秒才能获得奖励。go任务条件反射在训练后1小时内建立，反应时间缩短，成功率提高。为了研究感官输入的时空模式与行为输出之间的关系，我们设计了一个多光纤系统，在3×3矩阵中照射9个点的晶须区域。虽然采用9点同步辐照建立go任务条件反射，但异步辐照的成功率随着反应时间的增加而降低。在完成Go任务后，大鼠对照射在桶状皮层（桶状皮层的许多神经元也表达ChR2）的蓝色LED闪光作出反应，或光刺激对侧须区，反应时间和成功率相似。外周机械感受神经的同步激活被认为驱动体感觉皮层的神经回路，有效地与决策相结合。我们的光遗传系统将能够精确评估心理物理值，如反应时间和成功率，从而深入了解条件行为背后的大脑机制。
The rodent whisker-barrel cortical system is a model for studying somatosensory discrimination at high spatiotemporal precision. Here, we applied optogenetics to produce somatosensory inputs in the whisker area using one of transgenic rat lines, W-TChR2V4, which expresses channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) in the mechanoreceptive nerve endings around whisker follicles. An awake W-TChR2V4 rat was head-fixed and irradiated by blue LED light on the whisker area with a paradigm conditioned with a reward. The Go task was designed so the rat is allowed to receive a reward, when it licked the nozzle within 5 s after photostimulation. The No-go task was designed so as the rat has to withhold licking for at least 5 s to obtain a reward after photostimulation. The Go-task conditioning was established within 1 hr of training with a reduction in the reaction time and increase of the success rate. To investigate the relationship between the spatiotemporal pattern of sensory inputs and the behavioral output, we designed a multi-optical fiber system that irradiates the whisker area at 9 spots in a 3×3 matrix. Although the Go-task conditioning was established using synchronous irradiation of 9 spots, the success rate was decreased with an increase of the reaction time for the asynchronous irradiation. After conditioning to the Go task, the rat responded to the blue LED flash irradiated on the barrel cortex, where many neurons also express ChR2, or photostimulation of the contralateral whisker area with a similar reaction time and success rate. Synchronous activation of the peripheral mechanoreceptive nerves is suggested to drive a neural circuit in the somatosensory cortex that efficiently couples with the decision. Our optogenetic system would enable the precise evaluation of the psychophysical values, such as the reaction time and success rate, to gain some insight into the brain mechanisms underlying conditioned behaviors.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Posluszny A;Liguz-Lecznar M;Turzynska D;Zakrzewska R;Bielecki M;Kossut M
通讯作者：
Kossut M
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Le Be, Jean-Vincent;Silberberg, Gilad;Markram, Henry
通讯作者：
Markram, Henry
影响因子：
25
作者：
Boyden, ES;Zhang, F;Deisseroth, K
通讯作者：
Deisseroth, K
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Ishizuka, T;Kakuda, M;Yawo, H
通讯作者：
Yawo, H
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Aronoff, Rachel;Matyas, Ferenc;Petersen, Carl C. H.
通讯作者：
Petersen, Carl C. H.