The retinal pigment epithelium: something more than a constituent of the blood-retinal barrier--implications for the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.
The retinal pigment epithelium: something more than a constituent of the blood-retinal barrier--implications for the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.
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DOI：
10.1155/2010/190724
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Garcia-Ramírez M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Simó R;Villarroel M;Corraliza L;Hernández C;Garcia-Ramírez M
视网膜色素上皮（retinal pigment epithelium，RPE）是位于神经视网膜和脉络膜毛细血管之间的界面上的特化上皮，在那里它形成外部血视网膜屏障（blood-retinal barrier，BRB）。RPE的主要功能如下：（1）运输营养物、离子和水，（2）吸收光和保护免受光氧化，（3）将全反式-视黄醛再异构化为11-顺式-视黄醛，这对于视觉周期至关重要，（4）吞噬脱落的感光膜，以及（5）分泌视网膜结构完整性的必需因子。将对这些功能进行概述。糖尿病视网膜病变的病理生理学研究主要集中在神经视网膜的损伤和内BRB的破坏。相比之下，糖尿病对RPE的影响，特别是对其分泌活性的影响较少受到关注。在这方面，需要采取新的治疗策略来调节RPE损伤。
The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is an specialized epithelium lying in the interface between the neural retina and the choriocapillaris where it forms the outer blood-retinal barrier (BRB). The main functions of the RPE are the following: (1) transport of nutrients, ions, and water, (2) absorption of light and protection against photooxidation, (3) reisomerization of all-trans-retinal into 11-cis-retinal, which is crucial for the visual cycle, (4) phagocytosis of shed photoreceptor membranes, and (5) secretion of essential factors for the structural integrity of the retina. An overview of these functions will be given. Most of the research on the physiopathology of diabetic retinopathy has been focused on the impairment of the neuroretina and the breakdown of the inner BRB. By contrast, the effects of diabetes on the RPE and in particular on its secretory activity have received less attention. In this regard, new therapeutic strategies addressed to modulating RPE impairment are warranted.
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