Benefits of Ginger and Its Constituent 6-Shogaol in Inhibiting Inflammatory Processes.
Benefits of Ginger and Its Constituent 6-Shogaol in Inhibiting Inflammatory Processes.
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DOI：
10.3390/ph14060571
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发表时间：
2021-06-15
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fürst R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bischoff-Kont I;Fürst R
生姜（Zingiber officinale Roscoe）是一种广泛使用的药用植物。根据草药产品委员会（HMPC），干姜粉末可用于预防晕车时的恶心和呕吐（公认的用途）。除此之外，大量的临床前研究证明了它的抗癌、抗氧化或抗炎作用。6-姜酚是由6-姜辣素脱水形成的，是干姜根茎中主要的生物活性成分之一。6-Shogaol的特点是迈克尔受体部分与亲核试剂反应。本文综述了6-shogaol作为一种抗炎化合物的重要发现：在体内，6-shogaol可以抑制白细胞向炎症组织的浸润，同时减少水肿肿胀。在体外和体内，6-shogaol降低炎症介质系统，如COX-2或iNOS，影响NFκB和MAPK信号传导，并增加细胞保护性HO-1水平。有趣的是，某些体外研究提供了更深入的机制见解，证明PPAR-γ、JNK/Nrf2、p38/HO-1和NFκB参与了该化合物的抗炎作用。虽然这些研究提供了有希望的证据，证明6-shogaol可以归类为抗炎物质，但确切的作用机制仍有待阐明。此外，6-shogaol的抗炎作用在很大程度上缺乏确凿的临床数据。
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is widely used as medicinal plant. According to the Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products (HMPC), dried powdered ginger rhizome can be applied for the prevention of nausea and vomiting in motion sickness (well-established use). Beyond this, a plethora of pre-clinical studies demonstrated anti-cancer, anti-oxidative, or anti-inflammatory actions. 6-Shogaol is formed from 6-gingerol by dehydration and represents one of the main bioactive principles in dried ginger rhizomes. 6-Shogaol is characterized by a Michael acceptor moiety being reactive with nucleophiles. This review intends to compile important findings on the actions of 6-shogaol as an anti-inflammatory compound: in vivo, 6-shogaol inhibited leukocyte infiltration into inflamed tissue accompanied with reduction of edema swelling. In vitro and in vivo, 6-shogaol reduced inflammatory mediator systems such as COX-2 or iNOS, affected NFκB and MAPK signaling, and increased levels of cytoprotective HO-1. Interestingly, certain in vitro studies provided deeper mechanistic insights demonstrating the involvement of PPAR-γ, JNK/Nrf2, p38/HO-1, and NFκB in the anti-inflammatory actions of the compound. Although these studies provide promising evidence that 6-shogaol can be classified as an anti-inflammatory substance, the exact mechanism of action remains to be elucidated. Moreover, conclusive clinical data for anti-inflammatory actions of 6-shogaol are largely lacking.
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