Complementation drives higher growth rate and yield of wheat and saves nitrogen fertilizer in wheat and faba bean intercropping
Complementation drives higher growth rate and yield of wheat and saves nitrogen fertilizer in wheat and faba bean intercropping
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麦蚕豆间作互补提高小麦生长速度和产量并节省氮肥
DOI：
10.1016/j.fcr.2017.12.009
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发表时间：
2018-05
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Yi Zheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jingxiu Xiao;Xinhua Yin;Jiabing Ren;Mengyao Zhang;Li Tang;Yi Zheng
间作条件下，粮豆间的正互作可提高系统生产力。然而，小麦与蚕豆互作对作物生产性能的影响尚不清楚，间作中作物生产性能、氮素管理和种间互作之间的关系仍存在知识空白。2014-2015年和2015-2016年进行了两年的田间试验，（小麦单作、蚕豆单作、小麦蚕豆间作）和施氮量（N 0，0 kg N ha−1（对照）; N1，45和90 kg N ha− 1（蚕豆和小麦）; N2，90和180 kg N ha− 1（蚕豆和小麦）; N3、135和270 kg N ha− 1（蚕豆和小麦），采用随机完全区组设计，重复三次。在不同施氮水平下，对小麦蚕豆间作和单作的生长参数和种间互作指数进行了估算和计算。结果表明，小麦蚕豆间作在播种至出苗后75 d内，种间竞争占主导地位，有时会导致间作蚕豆（IB）的生长速率低于单作蚕豆（MB），导致间作生物量降低。间作小麦在生育中后期的种内竞争比单作小麦小.小麦与蚕豆间作，小麦最大生长速率（Rmax）、最大生物产量（A）和籽粒产量分别比小麦提高19.4- 27.8%、6.7- 7.1%和19.5- 28.2%。由于种植方式× N水平的交互作用，在N用量减少一半的情况下，间作小麦的A和Rmax保持较高或相等。间作在收获时具有产量和生物量优势（土地当量比（LER）>1，相对拥挤系数（K）> 0），但生物量和产量均低于单作。仅在2016年发现了较低的K，LER和小麦的相对完成强度（RCIw）。间作可减少施氮量5-15%，但小麦产量仍可提高16- 30%。因此，小麦蚕豆间作表现受生长方式和氮素水平的共同调控。小麦生育中后期间作互补有利于促进小麦生长，减少氮肥用量，最大限度地提高系统生产力。
Positive interaction between cereal and legume could drive high system productivity in intercropping. However, crop performance related to interaction between wheat and faba bean is unclear, and knowledge gap about the relationship among crop performance, N management, and specie-specie interaction still remains in intercropping. Two-year field experiments were implemented in 2014–2015 and 2015–2016, and two factors involving in planting patterns (wheat monocropped, faba bean monocropped, and wheat and faba bean intercropping) and N rates (N0, 0 kg N ha−1(the control); N1, 45 and 90 kg N ha−1for faba bean and wheat; N2, 90 and 180 kg N ha−1for faba bean and wheat; N3, 135 and 270 kg N ha−1for faba bean and wheat, repetitively) were studied in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Growth parameters and species interaction indices for inter- and mono- cropped wheat and faba bean under different N rates were estimated and calculated during each growing season. The results showed that interspecies competition was dominant in intercropping during the time from sowing to 75 days after wheat and faba bean emergence which sometimes induced lower growth rate of intercropping faba bean (IB) relative to monocropped faba bean (MB) and resulted in poor intercropping biomass production. Intercropping wheat (IW) suffered less intraspecies competition as compared to monocropping wheat (MW) during mid- and late- growth stages. The maximum growth rate (Rmax), maximum biomass production (A), and grain yield of wheat were increased by 19.4–27.8%, 6.7–7.1%, and 19.5–28.2%, respectively, when wheat was intercropped with faba bean relative to MW. Intercropping sustained high or equal A and Rmaxfor wheat under reduced one half N fertilizers as compared to MW due to the interaction of planting patterns × N levels. Intercropping generated yield and biomass advantages (Land equivalent ratio (LER) >1, relative crowding coefficient (K) > 0) at harvest though both biomass and yield of IB were lower than those of MB. Lower K, LER, and relative completion intensity of wheat (RCIw) with N rates were found only in 2016. However, intercropping showed a potential of reducing 5–15% N fertilizer application but still increased wheat yield by 16–30%. In conclusion, wheat and faba bean performance in intercropping is regulated by both growth pattern and N levels. Complementation in intercropping during mid- and late- growth stages is beneficial for stimulating wheat growth, reducing N fertilizer application rate, and maximizing the system productivity.
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影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Xiaoyan Tang;S. Placella;F. Dayde;L. Bernard;A. Robin;E. Journet;E. Justes;P. Hinsinger
通讯作者：
Xiaoyan Tang;S. Placella;F. Dayde;L. Bernard;A. Robin;E. Journet;E. Justes;P. Hinsinger
影响因子：
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影响因子：
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Terry J. Rose;Cecile C. Julia;M. Shepherd;M. Rose;L. Zwieten
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
G. Tosti;M. Farneselli;P. Benincasa;M. Guiducci
通讯作者：
G. Tosti;M. Farneselli;P. Benincasa;M. Guiducci
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Yang Yu;T. Stomph;D. Makowski;W. Werf
通讯作者：
Yang Yu;T. Stomph;D. Makowski;W. Werf