Will coral reefs survive by adaptive bleaching?

Will coral reefs survive by adaptive bleaching?
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珊瑚礁会因适应性白化而生存吗?

DOI:
10.1042/etls20210227
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
3.8
通讯作者:
Cunning, Ross
Cunning, Ross
中科院分区:
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文献类型:
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作者:
Cunning, Ross

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一些造礁珊瑚与多个藻类伙伴形成共生关系,这些藻类伙伴在生态学上具有重要的特征,如耐热性。珊瑚漂白和恢复可以推动共生体群落转向更耐热的伙伴,这种“适应性漂白”反应可以将未来的漂白阈值提高1-2°C,有助于在变暖的海洋中生存。然而,这种快速适应的机制只发生在与多种共生体相容的珊瑚中,并且只有当共生体之间的干扰机制和竞争动力足以带来群落更替时。珊瑚分类群和生态情景中共生体洗牌发生的全部范围仍然知之甚少,虽然其流行率可能会增加,因为变暖的海洋提高耐热共生体的竞争优势,增加漂白事件的频率,并加强metacrobiity反馈。尽管如此,共生体洗牌的约束,限制和潜在的权衡表明它不会拯救珊瑚礁生态系统;然而,它可能会显着改善一些或许多珊瑚物种的生存轨迹。对珊瑚共生体和共生体群落进行干预,可以扩大其适应潜力的范围,这可能会促进珊瑚的生存,直到气候变化得到解决。
Some reef-building corals form symbioses with multiple algal partners that differ in ecologically important traits like heat tolerance. Coral bleaching and recovery can drive symbiont community turnover toward more heat-tolerant partners, and this ‘adaptive bleaching’ response can increase future bleaching thresholds by 1–2°C, aiding survival in warming oceans. However, this mechanism of rapid acclimatization only occurs in corals that are compatible with multiple symbionts, and only when the disturbance regime and competitive dynamics among symbionts are sufficient to bring about community turnover. The full scope of coral taxa and ecological scenarios in which symbiont shuffling occurs remains poorly understood, though its prevalence is likely to increase as warming oceans boost the competitive advantage of heat-tolerant symbionts, increase the frequency of bleaching events, and strengthen metacommunity feedbacks. Still, the constraints, limitations, and potential tradeoffs of symbiont shuffling suggest it will not save coral reef ecosystems; however, it may significantly improve the survival trajectories of some, or perhaps many, coral species. Interventions to manipulate coral symbionts and symbiont communities may expand the scope of their adaptive potential, which may boost coral survival until climate change is addressed.
从漂白剂中恢复是由背景珊瑚礁珊瑚中的背景热耐耐性共生体类型的阈值密度介导的。
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