Vaccines against respiratory viral pathogens for use in neonates: opportunities and challenges.

Vaccines against respiratory viral pathogens for use in neonates: opportunities and challenges.
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DOI:
10.4049/jimmunol.1401410
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发表时间:
2014-12-01
期刊:
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Alexander-Miller MA
Alexander-Miller MA
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
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作者:
Alexander-Miller MA

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生命的前六个月是呼吸道病毒感染后对严重疾病高度敏感的时期。虽然这可以通过免疫接种得到显着改善,但目前的疫苗尚未被批准用于这些非常年轻的个体。这是免疫反应性差和在该人群中使用减毒活疫苗或强效佐剂的安全性问题的综合影响的结果。有效对抗呼吸道病毒感染的疫苗将理想地导致稳健的CD 4+和CD 8 + T细胞应答以及高亲和力抗体。TLR激动剂或单循环病毒的包含是提供信号的有吸引力的方法,所述信号可以充当DC成熟的有效刺激剂以及T和/或B细胞的直接激活剂。在这里,我们讨论了与新生儿产生强大的免疫应答相关的挑战以及佐剂克服这些障碍的潜力。
The first six months of life reflects a time of high susceptibility to severe disease following respiratory virus infection. While this could be significantly improved by immunization, current vaccines are not approved for use in these very young individuals. This is the result of the combined effects of poor immune responsiveness and safety concerns regarding the use of live attenuated vaccines or potent adjuvants in this population. Vaccines to effectively combat respiratory viral infection would ideally result in robust CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses as well high affinity antibody. Inclusion of TLR agonists or single cycle viruses are attractive approaches for provision of signals that can act as potent stimulators of DC maturation as well as direct activators of T and/or B cells. Here we discuss the challenges associated with generation of a robust immune response in neonates and the potential for adjuvants to overcome these obstacles.
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