A tale of two representations: the misinformation effect and children's developing theory of mind.
A tale of two representations: the misinformation effect and children's developing theory of mind.
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两个表征的故事：错误信息效应和儿童心理理论的发展。
DOI：
10.1111/1467-8624.00153
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发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
S. A. Wilcox
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leslie M. Templeton;S. A. Wilcox
本研究探讨表征能力作为儿童目击记忆可重复性的认知因素。错误信息效应被用来作为儿童的可接受性的指标，并在错误信念任务上的表现被用来作为儿童的表征能力的评估（N = 117）。考虑表征能力和一般记忆能力对儿童对误导性信息的易感性的影响的分析表明，表征能力和一般记忆能力的差异预测了参与者对误导性信息的易感性。这些结果表明，缺乏多表征能力、缺乏足够的一般记忆能力或两者兼而有之（即，大多数3岁和4岁的儿童）不如具有多表征能力和足够记忆能力的儿童的目击者记忆准确（即，大多数6岁儿童和成人）。因此，儿童目击者记忆被认为与成人相似的最早年龄是6岁，此时儿童的心理表征能力与成人相似。这些结果表明，儿童容易受到误导性信息影响的一个因素是他们可以同时持有和比较的事件的表征数量。
The present research investigates representational ability as a cognitive factor underlying the suggestibility of children's eyewitness memory. The misinformation effect is used as an index of children's suggestibility, and performance on the false belief task is used as an assessment of children's representational abilities (N = 117). Analyses that considered the effect of representational ability and general memory ability on children's susceptibility to misleading information showed that differences in representational ability and general memory ability predicted participants' susceptibility to misleading information. These results demonstrate that the eyewitness memory of children who lack either multirepresentational abilities, sufficient general memory abilities, or both (i.e., most 3- and 4-year-olds) is less accurate than the eyewitness memory of children with both multirepresentational abilities and sufficient memory abilities (i.e., most 6-year-olds and adults). Thus, it appears that the earliest age at which children's eyewitness memory can be considered to be similar to that of adults is 6 years of age, when children's mental representational abilities are similar to those of adults. These results suggest that one factor underlying children's vulnerability to misleading information is the number of representations of an event that they can simultaneously hold and compare.
被误导的对象可能知道的比他们的表现所暗示的更多。
DOI：
10.1037//0278-7393.15.2.246
发表时间：
1989
期刊：
Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition
影响因子：
--
作者：
Zaragoza,MS;Koshmider3rd,JW
通讯作者：
Koshmider3rd,JW
误导性事后信息的影响：错误信息的干扰和接受。
DOI：
10.1037//0096-3445.118.1.72
发表时间：
1989
期刊：
Journal of experimental psychology. General
影响因子：
--
作者：
Belli,RF
通讯作者：
Belli,RF