Phonological universals in early childhood: Evidence from sonority restrictions.

Phonological universals in early childhood: Evidence from sonority restrictions.
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DOI:
10.1080/10489223.2011.580676
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发表时间:
2011
影响因子:
1.2
通讯作者:
Lennertz T
Lennertz T
中科院分区:
人文科学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Berent I;Harder K;Lennertz T

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在不同语言中,响度距离大的音节首音优于响度距离小的音节首音(例如,bw>bd>lb)。优选论将此类现象归因于在所有语法中普遍起作用的语法限制。为了检验这一假设,在此我们研究儿童是否会将假定的普遍响度限制应用于其母语中未出现的音节首音。参与者(平均年龄为4岁4个月)听到成对的听觉词汇——要么相同(例如,lbif→lbif),要么与增音有关(例如,lbif→lebif)——并被要求判断它们是否相同。结果表明,与成年人一样,儿童察觉增音变形的能力与响度距离呈单调相关(bw>bd>lb),并且他们的表现无法用若干统计和语音因素来解释。这些发现表明响度限制在儿童早期就起作用,且其适用范围很广。
Across languages, onsets with large sonority distances are preferred to those with smaller distances (e.g., bw>bd>lb). Optimality theory attributes such facts to grammatical restrictions that are universally active in all grammars. To test this hypothesis, here, we examine whether children extend putatively universal sonority restrictions to onsets unattested in their language. Participants (M=4;04 years) were presented with pairs of auditory words—either identical (e.g., lbif→lbif) or epenthetically related (e.g., lbif→lebif)—and asked to judge their identity. Results showed that, like adults, children’s ability to detect epenthetic distortions was monotonically related to sonority distance (bw>bd>lb), and their performance was inexplicable by several statistical and phonetic factors. These findings suggest that sonority restrictions are active in early childhood and their scope is broad.
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