The Role of Projection and Empathic Accuracy in Dyadic Perception between Older Twins
The Role of Projection and Empathic Accuracy in Dyadic Perception between Older Twins
复制标题
投射和共情准确性在年长双胞胎之间二元感知中的作用
DOI：
10.1177/0265407599164001
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发表时间：
1999
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
J. Asendorpf
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Franz J. Neyer;R. Banse;J. Asendorpf
采用三种不同的任务研究了108对老年同卵双胞胎和同性异卵双胞胎之间的二元感知：（i）情绪敏感性任务，（ii）Q排序情绪诱发情况的评级，以及（iii）对彼此的人格特质的评估。双生子内、双生子间自我判断和同卵判断的特化分析。投射接近判断的可靠性，并显着高于移情准确性和实际相似性，这表明，二元知觉的过程主要是由投射塑造。共情准确性与投射之间的显著相关是由双胞胎在自我判断上的相似性引起的。一旦投射被控制，共情的准确性就弱得多，这表明双胞胎使用了有效的投射来提高准确性。相似性控制投射仍然很高，这反映了双胞胎在很大程度上高估了他们的相似性。与预期相反，但一致的三个任务，同卵双胞胎和异卵双胞胎的实际相似性，共情的准确性和投影水平，也没有在相似性控制共情的准确性和投影。
Dyadic perception between 108 older identical and same-sex fraternal twin pairs was examined using three different tasks: (i) an emotional sensitivity task, (ii) a Q-Sort rating of emotion-eliciting situations, and (iii) an assessment of each other's personality traits. Idiographic analyses related judgements of self and co-twin within and between twins. Projection approached the reliability of the judgements and was significantly higher than both empathic accuracy and actual similarity, suggesting that the process of dyadic perception was mainly shaped by projection. Significant correlations between empathic accuracy and projection were caused by the similarity of the twins in self-judgements. Empathic accuracy was much weaker once projection was controlled, indicating that twins had used valid projection to improve accuracy. Similarity-controlled projection was still high and reflected the fact that the twins overestimated their similarity to a large extent. Contrary to expectation but consistent across the three tasks, identical and fraternal twins differed neither in levels of actual similarity, empathic accuracy and projection, nor in similarity-controlled empathic accuracy and projection.
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