Investigating methods to quantifying uncertainty in PM2.5 emission rates from cooking by toasting bread
Investigating methods to quantifying uncertainty in PM2.5 emission rates from cooking by toasting bread
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研究量化烤面包烹饪过程中 PM2.5 排放率不确定性的方法
DOI：
10.1016/j.buildenv.2023.111106
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发表时间：
2024
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Molina C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Molina C
暴露在空气中的细颗粒物(PM2.5)与多种负面健康影响有关，而室内来源是个人暴露的重要因素。烹饪是一种常见的室内污染源，但报告的排放率具有很高的变异性。研究了PM2.5烹调排放率不确定度的量化方法，以便将其用于概率暴露模型来评估干预措施。由于烘烤面包的方法简单且可重复，因此进行了受控测试来测量面包的排放率。比较了两种方法：住宅厨房现场试验和大室内试验。用理论峰值计算方法确定了时间分辨PM2.5浓度测量的排放率。大型室内试验的结果比住宅现场试验更一致，由于改进了对变量的控制，变异系数几乎低了一个数量级。排放速率服从正态分布，平均值为0.23亿mg/分，标准差为0.067毫克/分。然而，这种分布可能不太能代表正常行为。由此产生的数据集可以与其他来源相结合，以概率模型表示房屋存量风险，从而能够探索风险敞口的不确定性和干预措施。更广泛地说，测量PM2.5排放率时的关键建议包括：高时间分辨率测量；定制校准系数；识别排放、混合和衰变的周期；恒定通风率；量化混合条件；以及确保高质量的衰变数据。
Exposure to airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is linked to multiple negative health effects and indoor sources are important contributors to personal exposure. Cooking is a common indoor source, but reported emission rates have high variability. Methods to quantify uncertainty in PM2.5cooking emission rates are investigated so that they can be used in probabilistic exposure models to evaluate interventions. Controlled tests were conducted to measure emission rates from the toasting of bread because it is simple and repeatable. Two methods were compared: residential kitchen field tests and large chamber tests. Thetheoretical peakcalculation method was used to determine emission rates from time-resolved PM2.5concentration measurements. The large chamber tests produced more consistent results than the residential field tests, with a coefficient of variance almost an order of magnitude lower due to the improved control of variables. Then, the emission rates were normally distributed with mean 0.23 mg/min and standard deviation 0.067 mg/min. However, this distribution may be less representative of normal behaviour. The resulting dataset can be combined with other sources to represent housing stock exposures in probabilistic models, enabling the exploration of exposure uncertainties and interventions. More generally, key recommendations when measuring PM2.5emission rates include: high temporal resolution measurements; custom calibration factors; identifying periods for emissions, mixing, and decay; constant ventilation rates; quantifying mixing conditions; and ensuring high quality decay data.
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
1996
期刊：
Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
H. Özkaynak;J. Xue;J. Spengler;L. Wallace;E. Pellizzari;P. Jenkins
通讯作者：
H. Özkaynak;J. Xue;J. Spengler;L. Wallace;E. Pellizzari;P. Jenkins
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Green, LC;Crouch, EAC;Lash, TL
通讯作者：
Lash, TL
DOI：
10.1007/s00432-017-2547-7
发表时间：
2018-02-01
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Jia, Peng-Li;Zhang, Chao;Sun, Xin
通讯作者：
Sun, Xin
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Chan, W. R.;Logue, J. M.;Singer, B. C.
通讯作者：
Singer, B. C.