Cleavage and polyadenylation: Ending the message expands gene regulation.

Cleavage and polyadenylation: Ending the message expands gene regulation.
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DOI:
10.1080/15476286.2017.1306171
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发表时间:
2017-07-03
期刊:
影响因子:
4.1
通讯作者:
Furger AM
Furger AM
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Neve J;Patel R;Wang Z;Louey A;Furger AM

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切割和多聚腺苷酸化(PA)是将初级蛋白质编码转录物成熟为可从细胞核输出并在细胞质中翻译的功能性mRNA所需的基本步骤。3′端加工依赖于多蛋白加工复合物对存在于前mRNA中的pA信号的组装。大多数真核基因具有多个PA信号,导致交替切割和多聚腺苷酸化(阿帕),这是一种对建立细胞状态和细胞类型特异性转录组很重要的普遍现象。在这里,我们回顾了PA位点是如何被识别的,并全面总结了阿帕是如何被调节的,并创建了细胞类型、组织、细胞状态和疾病的特征性mRNA亚型谱。
Cleavage and polyadenylation (pA) is a fundamental step that is required for the maturation of primary protein encoding transcripts into functional mRNAs that can be exported from the nucleus and translated in the cytoplasm. 3′end processing is dependent on the assembly of a multiprotein processing complex on the pA signals that reside in the pre-mRNAs. Most eukaryotic genes have multiple pA signals, resulting in alternative cleavage and polyadenylation (APA), a widespread phenomenon that is important to establish cell state and cell type specific transcriptomes. Here, we review how pA sites are recognized and comprehensively summarize how APA is regulated and creates mRNA isoform profiles that are characteristic for cell types, tissues, cellular states and disease.
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