A cortico-collicular circuit for orienting to shelter during escape.
A cortico-collicular circuit for orienting to shelter during escape.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-022-05553-9
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发表时间：
2023-01
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Branco T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Campagner D;Vale R;Tan YL;Iordanidou P;Pavón Arocas O;Claudi F;Stempel AV;Keshavarzi S;Petersen RS;Margrie TW;Branco T
当面对掠食者的威胁时，逃向庇护所是一种适应性行为，可以长期保护自己免受攻击者的攻击。从甲壳类动物到哺乳动物，动物依靠对环境中安全位置的了解，本能地执行快速的躲避行动。虽然以前的工作已经确定了逃跑启动的神经机制，但尚不清楚逃跑回路如何结合空间信息，沿着最有效的路线快速飞行到避难所。在这里，我们发现小鼠脾后皮层（RSP）和上丘（SC）形成了一个编码庇护所方向向量的电路，这是在逃跑过程中准确定位庇护所所需要的。遮蔽方向编码于RSP和SC神经元的自我中心坐标中，SC的遮蔽方向调整依赖于RSP的活动。RSP-SC通路的失活破坏了对庇护所的定向，导致逃离了最佳的庇护所定向路线，但不会导致定向或空间导航的一般性缺陷。我们发现RSP和SC是单突触连接的，并形成一个前馈侧抑制微电路，由于抑制SC神经元中更高的RSP输入收敛性和突触整合效率，该微电路强烈驱动抑制性胶质网络。这导致抑制SC神经元的广泛遮蔽方向调谐和兴奋SC神经元的急剧调谐。这些发现被一个生物约束的尖峰网络模型所概括，在这个模型中，RSP输入到局部SC循环环结构产生一个圆形的遮蔽方向图。我们提出，这种RSP-SC电路可能专门用于产生记忆空间目标的collcollator表征，这些空间目标在逃跑过程中，或者更广泛地说，在必须尽快达到目标的导航过程中，很容易被运动系统访问。
When faced with predatorial threats, escape towards shelter is an adaptive action that offers long-term protection against the attacker. From crustaceans to mammals, animals rely on knowledge of safe locations in the environment to instinctively execute rapid shelter-directed escape actions . While previous work has identified neural mechanisms of escape initiation, it is not known how the escape circuit incorporates spatial information to execute rapid flights along the most efficient route to shelter. Here we show that mouse retrosplenial cortex (RSP) and superior colliculus (SC) form a circuit that encodes the shelter direction vector and is specifically required for accurately orienting to shelter during escape. Shelter direction is encoded in RSP and SC neurons in egocentric coordinates and SC shelter-direction tuning depends on RSP activity. Inactivation of the RSP-SC pathway disrupts orientation to shelter and causes escapes away from the optimal shelter-directed route, but does not lead to generic deficits in orientation or spatial navigation. We find that the RSP and SC are monosynaptically connected and form a feedforward lateral inhibition microcircuit that strongly drives the inhibitory collicular network due to higher RSP input convergence and synaptic integration efficiency in inhibitory SC neurons. This results in broad shelter direction tuning in inhibitory SC neurons and sharply tuned excitatory SC neurons. These findings are recapitulated by a biologically-constrained spiking network model where RSP input to the local SC recurrent ring architecture generates a circular shelter-direction map. We propose that this RSP-SC circuit might be specialized for generating collicular representations of memorized spatial goals that are readily accessible to the motor system during escape, or more broadly, during navigation when the goal must be reached as fast as possible.
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