Characteristics of retinal reflectance changes induced by transcorneal electrical stimulation in cat eyes.
Characteristics of retinal reflectance changes induced by transcorneal electrical stimulation in cat eyes.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0092186
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Fujikado T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morimoto T;Kanda H;Miyoshi T;Hirohara Y;Mihashi T;Kitaguchi Y;Nishida K;Fujikado T
经角膜电刺激（TES）激活视网膜神经元，导致视觉感觉。视网膜细胞是如何被TES激活的还没有确定。研究视网膜的反射率变化是一项已建立的技术，并已用于确定视网膜激活的机制。本研究的目的是评估反射率的变化引起的TES在猫的眼睛。在全身麻醉下研究了8只猫的8只眼睛。经角膜输送双相电脉冲。用近红外光（800-880 nm）观察的眼底图像每25 ms记录一次，持续26 s。为了提高信噪比，对10个连续记录的图像进行平均。通过从TES之后的图像减去之前的图像来构建反射变化的二维地形图。不同刺激参数的影响，例如，研究了电流强度、脉冲宽度、频率和刺激持续时间对反射变化的影响。结果表明，TES后视网膜血管和视盘出现反射性改变。反射率变化的强度随电流强度、脉冲持续时间和刺激持续时间的增加而增加（均P<0.05）。当刺激频率为20 Hz时，反射变化的强度最大。反射率变化的时间过程也被改变的刺激参数。随着电流强度的增加，脉冲持续时间的延长，反应开始时间提前，恢复到基线时间较晚，但反应峰值的时间没有改变。这些结果表明，反射变化是由于TES激活视网膜神经元，并可能涉及由视网膜神经元激活引起的血管变化。
Transcorneal electrical stimulation (TES) activates retinal neurons leading to visual sensations. How the retinal cells are activated by TES has not been definitively determined. Investigating the reflectance changes of the retina is an established technique and has been used to determine the mechanism of retinal activation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reflectance changes elicited by TES in cat eyes. Eight eyes of Eight cats were studied under general anesthesia. Biphasic electrical pulses were delivered transcornealy. The fundus images observed with near-infrared light (800–880 nm) were recorded every 25 ms for 26 s. To improve the signal-to-noise ratio, the images of 10 consecutive recordings were averaged. Two-dimensional topographic maps of the reflective changes were constructed by subtracting images before from those after the TES. The effects of different stimulus parameters, e.g., current intensity, pulse duration, frequency, and stimulus duration, on the reflective changes were studied. Our results showed that after TES, the reflective changes appeared on the retinal vessels and optic disc. The intensity of reflectance changes increased as the current intensity, pulse duration, and stimulation duration increased (P<0.05 for all). The maximum intensity of the reflective change was obtained when the stimulus frequency was 20 Hz. The time course of the reflectance changes was also altered by the stimulation parameters. The response started earlier and returned to the baseline later with higher current intensities, longer pulse durations, but the time of the peak of the response was not changed. These results showed that the reflective changes were due to the activation of retinal neurons by TES and might involve the vascular changes induced by an activation of the retinal neurons.
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DOI：
10.2147/opth.s14573
发表时间：
2010-12-06
期刊：
Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kurimoto T;Oono S;Oku H;Tagami Y;Kashimoto R;Takata M;Okamoto N;Ikeda T;Mimura O
通讯作者：
Mimura O
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Schallek, Jesse;Kardon, Randy;Ts'o, Daniel
通讯作者：
Ts'o, Daniel
DOI：
10.1007/s00417-007-0563-z
发表时间：
2007-10-01
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Fujikado, Takashi;Morimoto, Takeshi;Tano, Yasuo
通讯作者：
Tano, Yasuo
DOI：
10.1007/s00417-007-0610-9
发表时间：
2007-12-01
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Inomata, Koichi;Shinoda, Kei;Miyake, Yozo
通讯作者：
Miyake, Yozo
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Naycheva, Lubka;Schatz, Andreas;Gekeler, Florian
通讯作者：
Gekeler, Florian