Why so impulsive? White matter alterations are associated with impulsivity in chronic marijuana smokers.
Why so impulsive? White matter alterations are associated with impulsivity in chronic marijuana smokers.
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为什么这么冲动？白质改变与慢性大麻吸烟者的冲动有关。
DOI：
10.1037/a0023034
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发表时间：
2011-06
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Yurgelun-Todd, Deborah
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gruber, Staci A.;Silveri, Marisa M.;Dahlgren, Mary Kathryn;Yurgelun-Todd, Deborah
据报道，大麻（MJ）吸烟者难以监测和抑制冲动行为;神经成像研究，检查了慢性MJ吸烟者的额叶系统，报告了抑制任务期间的变化。扩散张量成像（DTI）提供了一个定量估计的白色物质的完整性在微观结构水平。我们应用DTI、临床评级和冲动性测量来探讨以下假设：慢性重度MJ吸烟者将表现出白色物质微观结构的改变，以及相对于不吸烟对照受试者（NS），白色物质测量与冲动性之间的不同关联。分数各向异性（FA），一个方向的连贯性的措施，和跟踪，整体扩散的措施，计算6个位置，包括双侧额叶区在15个慢性MJ吸烟者和15 NS。受试者完成临床评定量表，包括Barratt冲动量表（BIS）。分析显示，MJ吸烟者的左额叶FA相对于NS显著降低，右额叶的痕量水平显著升高。相对于NS，MJ吸烟者的BIS总分和运动分量表评分也显着更高，这与左额叶FA值正相关。最后，MJ使用的发病年龄与额叶FA值呈正相关，与痕量呈负相关。这些数据代表了第一次报告的显着改变额白色物质束与措施的冲动在慢性MJ吸烟者。早期使用MJ可能导致FA减少和扩散性增加，这可能与冲动性增加相关，最终导致开始使用MJ或无法停止使用。
Difficulty monitoring and inhibiting impulsive behaviors has been reported in marijuana (MJ) smokers; neuroimaging studies, which examined frontal systems in chronic MJ smokers, have reported alterations during inhibitory tasks. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) provides a quantitative estimate of white matter integrity at the microstructural level. We applied DTI, clinical ratings, and impulsivity measures to explore the hypotheses that chronic, heavy MJ smokers would demonstrate alterations in white matter microstructure and a different association between white matter measures and impulsivity relative to nonsmoking control subjects (NS). Fractional anisotropy (FA), a measure of directional coherence, and trace, a measure of overall diffusivity, were calculated for 6 locations including bilateral frontal regions in 15 chronic MJ smokers and 15 NS. Subjects completed clinical rating scales, including the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS). Analyses revealed significant reductions in left frontal FA in MJ smokers relative to NS and significantly higher levels of trace in the right genu. MJ smokers also had significantly higher BIS total and motor subscale scores relative to NS, which were positively correlated with left frontal FA values. Finally, age of onset of MJ use was positively correlated with frontal FA values and inversely related to trace. These data represent the first report of significant alterations in frontal white matter tracts associated with measures of impulsivity in chronic MJ smokers. Early MJ use may result in reduced FA and increased diffusivity, which may be associated with increased impulsivity, and ultimately contribute to the initiation of MJ use or the inability to discontinue use.
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影响因子：
0.8
作者：
GUY, SM;SMITH, GM;BENTLER, PM
通讯作者：
BENTLER, PM
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Aboitiz, F;Rodriguez, E;Zaidel, E
通讯作者：
Zaidel, E
DOI：
10.1016/j.jmr.2011.09.022
发表时间：
1996-06-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE SERIES B
影响因子：
--
作者：
Basser, PJ;Pierpaoli, C
通讯作者：
Pierpaoli, C
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Ashtari M;Cervellione K;Cottone J;Ardekani BA;Sevy S;Kumra S
通讯作者：
Kumra S
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Heil, Sarah H.;Johnson, Matthew W.;Bickel, Warren K.
通讯作者：
Bickel, Warren K.