Rac activation by the T-cell receptor inhibits T cell migration.

Rac activation by the T-cell receptor inhibits T cell migration.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0012393
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发表时间:
2010-08-25
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Ridley AJ
Ridley AJ
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cernuda-Morollón E;Millán J;Shipman M;Marelli-Berg FM;Ridley AJ

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T细胞迁移对于免疫应答和炎症至关重要。T细胞受体(TCR)的激活会触发迁移停止信号,以促进与抗原呈递细胞的相互作用以及细胞在炎症部位的滞留,但导致这种效应的机制尚不清楚。 迁移的T细胞呈极化状态,前端有片状伪足,后端有尾足。在此我们表明,瞬时TCR激活会诱导T细胞迁移的长期抑制。TCR预激活会使细胞即使在TCR信号去除后仍具有多个片状伪足且缺乏尾足。组成型活性Rac1的表达会诱导类似的表型,并且TCR信号会激活Rac1。TCR信号通过Rac降低埃兹蛋白/根蛋白/膜突蛋白(ezrin/radixin/moesin)的磷酸化(尾足形成需要这些蛋白),并增加微管不稳定蛋白(stathmin)的磷酸化(其调节微管稳定性)。通过抑制Rac或表达组成型活性膜突蛋白,T细胞极性和迁移可部分恢复。 我们提出,瞬时TCR信号通过Rac1、增加微管不稳定蛋白磷酸化以及降低埃兹蛋白/根蛋白/膜突蛋白磷酸化来诱导对T细胞迁移的持续抑制,这些作用共同抑制T细胞迁移极性。
T cell migration is essential for immune responses and inflammation. Activation of the T-cell receptor (TCR) triggers a migration stop signal to facilitate interaction with antigen-presenting cells and cell retention at inflammatory sites, but the mechanisms responsible for this effect are not known. Migrating T cells are polarized with a lamellipodium at the front and uropod at the rear. Here we show that transient TCR activation induces prolonged inhibition of T-cell migration. TCR pre-activation leads to cells with multiple lamellipodia and lacking a uropod even after removal of the TCR signal. A similar phenotype is induced by expression of constitutively active Rac1, and TCR signaling activates Rac1. TCR signaling acts via Rac to reduce phosphorylation of ezrin/radixin/moesin proteins, which are required for uropod formation, and to increase stathmin phosphorylation, which regulates microtubule stability. T cell polarity and migration is partially restored by inhibiting Rac or by expressing constitutively active moesin. We propose that transient TCR signaling induces sustained inhibition of T cell migration via Rac1, increased stathmin phosphorylation and reduced ERM phosphorylation which act together to inhibit T-cell migratory polarity.
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