Urban Land Regulation and Heterogeneity of Housing Conditions of Inter-Provincial Migrants in China
Urban Land Regulation and Heterogeneity of Housing Conditions of Inter-Provincial Migrants in China
复制标题
中国城市土地规制与跨省流动人口住房条件的异质性
DOI：
10.3390/land9110428
复制
发表时间：
2020-11
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Jin Wen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yuting Cao;Ran Liu;Wei Qi;Jin Wen
在发展中国家，城市土地管制与移民获得体面住房之间的关系是一个引人入胜的话题。当企业追求（例如，土地的交换价值）影响到使用目的地城市定居的低工资农民工（通过土地的使用价值）的命运时，土地使用冲突就出现了。在不同类型的城市中，土地使用纠纷和住房机会不平等（在“土地稀缺与移民爆炸”地区和“土地丰富但移民不活跃”地区之间）是明显的。本文回顾了中国城市土地供应和调控制度与农民工住房条件问题的关系。我们的空间分析证明了中国301个城市流动人口住房条件的地域差异（过度拥挤和缺乏基本设施，如厕所和厨房设施）。分析结果解释了沿海大都市住房条件差与中国一线城市严格的土地利用管理之间的关系。本研究利用全国1%人口抽样调查（中国国家统计局，2015年）的微观家庭数据，在全国大范围内提供了一个生动的案例研究，以比较不同城市的流动人口住房舒适度。这一实证研究可以促进对土地使用纠纷（城市土地的交换价值与使用价值）的理解，土地使用纠纷是不同类型城市（不仅仅是农民工本身之间或跨社区尺度）住房不平等的重要结构性根源。这种宏观层面的土地需求、供给和调控制度的差异证明了实现社会和谐的关键挑战。除了目前中国自上而下的土地和住房制度之外，一些自下而上的、参与式的农民工住房供应方式（如“城中村”等非正式住房计划）可能是解决上述住房挑战的另一种方式。从这个意义上说，我们绘制了中国自上而下和市场化背景下的流动人口住房状况图，可以与其他一些国家背景下的非正式和参与式住房供应进行对比。
The relation between urban land regulation and migrants' access to decent housing is a fascinating topic in developing countries. Land-use conflicts emerge when entrepreneurial pursuits (for example, the exchange value of land) affect the fortunes of low-wage migrant workers using the destination city to settle down (through the use value of land). Land-use disputes and housing opportunity inequality (between the "land scarcity with migrant explosion" areas and the "land-abundant but migration-inactive" areas) is apparent across different kinds of cities. This article reviews the relationship between China's urban land supply and regulation system and the migrant housing-condition problem. Our spatial analysis attests to the areal variance of migrant housing conditions (overcrowding and shortages of basic amenities such as toilet and kitchen facilities) across 301 Chinese cities. The analysis results explain the relationship between the inferior housing conditions in the coastal metropolises and the strict management of land uses in China's first-tier cities. Using micro household data from the national 1% population sampling survey (National Bureau of Statistics of China, 2015), this research provides a vivid case study at a large national scale to compare migrant housing amenity across different cities. This empirical study can advance understanding of the land-use disputes (exchange value vs. use value of urban land), which are an important structural root of housing inequality among different kinds of host cities (not merely among migrant workers themselves or across neighborhood scales). This macro-level variance of land demand, supply, and the regulation system proves the key challenge to achieving social harmony. Beyond a top-down land and housing system in China today, some more bottom-up and participatory migrant housing supply means (such as informal housing schemes such as "urban villages") could be another way to address the above housing challenge. In this sense, we have mapped the migrants' housing conditions in the Chinese top-down and marketization context, which can be contrasted with the informal and participatory housing supply in some other country contexts.
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DOI：
10.1088/1757-899x/471/9/092083
发表时间：
2019-02
期刊：
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
影响因子：
--
作者：
Grażyna Schneider-Skalska
通讯作者：
Grażyna Schneider-Skalska
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
F. Cornette
通讯作者：
F. Cornette
影响因子：
1
作者：
Erhard Berner
通讯作者：
Erhard Berner
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
G. Niu;Guochang Zhao
通讯作者：
G. Niu;Guochang Zhao
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Tao, Ran;Su, Fubing;Cao, Guangzhong
通讯作者：
Cao, Guangzhong