Pharmaceutical pollution of the world's rivers.
Pharmaceutical pollution of the world's rivers.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2113947119
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发表时间：
2022-02-22
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Teta C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wilkinson JL;Boxall ABA;Kolpin DW;Leung KMY;Lai RWS;Galbán-Malagón C;Adell AD;Mondon J;Metian M;Marchant RA;Bouzas-Monroy A;Cuni-Sanchez A;Coors A;Carriquiriborde P;Rojo M;Gordon C;Cara M;Moermond M;Luarte T;Petrosyan V;Perikhanyan Y;Mahon CS;McGurk CJ;Hofmann T;Kormoker T;Iniguez V;Guzman-Otazo J;Tavares JL;Gildasio De Figueiredo F;Razzolini MTP;Dougnon V;Gbaguidi G;Traoré O;Blais JM;Kimpe LE;Wong M;Wong D;Ntchantcho R;Pizarro J;Ying GG;Chen CE;Páez M;Martínez-Lara J;Otamonga JP;Poté J;Ifo SA;Wilson P;Echeverría-Sáenz S;Udikovic-Kolic N;Milakovic M;Fatta-Kassinos D;Ioannou-Ttofa L;Belušová V;Vymazal J;Cárdenas-Bustamante M;Kassa BA;Garric J;Chaumot A;Gibba P;Kunchulia I;Seidensticker S;Lyberatos G;Halldórsson HP;Melling M;Shashidhar T;Lamba M;Nastiti A;Supriatin A;Pourang N;Abedini A;Abdullah O;Gharbia SS;Pilla F;Chefetz B;Topaz T;Yao KM;Aubakirova B;Beisenova R;Olaka L;Mulu JK;Chatanga P;Ntuli V;Blama NT;Sherif S;Aris AZ;Looi LJ;Niang M;Traore ST;Oldenkamp R;Ogunbanwo O;Ashfaq M;Iqbal M;Abdeen Z;O'Dea A;Morales-Saldaña JM;Custodio M;de la Cruz H;Navarrete I;Carvalho F;Gogra AB;Koroma BM;Cerkvenik-Flajs V;Gombač M;Thwala M;Choi K;Kang H;Ladu JLC;Rico A;Amerasinghe P;Sobek A;Horlitz G;Zenker AK;King AC;Jiang JJ;Kariuki R;Tumbo M;Tezel U;Onay TT;Lejju JB;Vystavna Y;Vergeles Y;Heinzen H;Pérez-Parada A;Sims DB;Figy M;Good D;Teta C
尽管越来越多的证据表明，对生态和人类健康的有害影响，很少有人知道关于全球发生的药物在河流中。在196个国家中，有75个国家进行了评估其发生情况的研究，其中大多数研究是在北美和西欧进行的。这使得大的地理区域相对未被研究。在这里，我们提出了一个全球性的调查结果，在河流中的药物污染。该研究监测了各大洲104个国家沿沿着258条河流的1,052个采样点，从而代表了4.714亿人的药物指纹。我们发现，地表水中这些污染物的存在对全球超过四分之一的研究地点的环境和/或人类健康构成威胁。活性药物成分（API）的环境暴露可能对生态系统和人类的健康产生负面影响。虽然许多研究监测了河流中的API，但这些研究采用了不同的分析方法，测量了不同的API，并且忽略了世界上许多国家。因此，很难从全球角度量化这一问题的规模。此外，由于所采用的分析方法之间存在巨大差异，比较不同研究/区域/大陆产生的现有数据具有挑战性。在这里，我们提出了一个全球范围的研究API污染在世界258条河流，代表了环境的影响，4.714亿人在137个地理区域。从104个国家的1,052个地点（代表所有大陆和36个以前未研究过API污染的国家）采集样品，并分析了61种API。在撒哈拉以南非洲、南亚和南美洲观察到最高累积API浓度。受污染最严重的场地位于中低收入国家，与废水和废物管理基础设施以及制药业较差的地区有关。最常检测到的原料药是卡马西平、二甲双胍和咖啡因（一种也来自生活方式使用的化合物），在一半以上的监测地点检测到。在25.7%的采样点，至少有一种API的浓度高于被认为对水生生物安全的浓度，或在选择抗生素耐药性方面值得关注。因此，制药污染对环境和人类健康以及联合国可持续发展目标的实现构成了全球性威胁。
Despite growing evidence of the deleterious effects on ecological and human health, little is known regarding the global occurrence of pharmaceuticals in rivers. Studies assessing their occurrence are available for 75 of 196 countries, with most research conducted in North America and Western Europe. This leaves large geographical regions relatively unstudied. Here, we present the findings of a global reconnaissance of pharmaceutical pollution in rivers. The study monitored 1,052 sampling sites along 258 rivers in 104 countries of all continents, thus representing the pharmaceutical fingerprint of 471.4 million people. We show that the presence of these contaminants in surface water poses a threat to environmental and/or human health in more than a quarter of the studied locations globally. Environmental exposure to active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) can have negative effects on the health of ecosystems and humans. While numerous studies have monitored APIs in rivers, these employ different analytical methods, measure different APIs, and have ignored many of the countries of the world. This makes it difficult to quantify the scale of the problem from a global perspective. Furthermore, comparison of the existing data, generated for different studies/regions/continents, is challenging due to the vast differences between the analytical methodologies employed. Here, we present a global-scale study of API pollution in 258 of the world’s rivers, representing the environmental influence of 471.4 million people across 137 geographic regions. Samples were obtained from 1,052 locations in 104 countries (representing all continents and 36 countries not previously studied for API contamination) and analyzed for 61 APIs. Highest cumulative API concentrations were observed in sub-Saharan Africa, south Asia, and South America. The most contaminated sites were in low- to middle-income countries and were associated with areas with poor wastewater and waste management infrastructure and pharmaceutical manufacturing. The most frequently detected APIs were carbamazepine, metformin, and caffeine (a compound also arising from lifestyle use), which were detected at over half of the sites monitored. Concentrations of at least one API at 25.7% of the sampling sites were greater than concentrations considered safe for aquatic organisms, or which are of concern in terms of selection for antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, pharmaceutical pollution poses a global threat to environmental and human health, as well as to delivery of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.
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影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Gunnarsson, Lina;Snapk, Jason R.;Tyler, Charles R.
通讯作者：
Tyler, Charles R.
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Brodin, T.;Fick, J.;Klaminder, J.
通讯作者：
Klaminder, J.
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din;Ramzan, Sara;Hasan, Syed Shahzad
通讯作者：
Hasan, Syed Shahzad
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Kolpin, DW;Furlong, ET;Buxton, HT
通讯作者：
Buxton, HT
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0609568104
发表时间：
2007-05-22
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Kidd, Karen A.;Blanchfield, Paul J.;Flick, Robert W.
通讯作者：
Flick, Robert W.