Target templates: the precision of mental representations affects attentional guidance and decision-making in visual search.

Target templates: the precision of mental representations affects attentional guidance and decision-making in visual search.
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DOI:
10.3758/s13414-014-0764-6
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发表时间:
2015-01
期刊:
Attention, perception & psychophysics
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Goldinger SD
Goldinger SD
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hout MC;Goldinger SD

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当人们在环境中寻找东西时,他们使用目标模板他们试图定位的对象的心理表征来引导注意力并将传入的视觉输入评估为潜在目标。然而,与实验室参与者不同,真实的世界中的搜索者很少有关于目标的潜在外观的完美知识。在七个实验中,我们研究了目标模板的精度如何影响进行视觉搜索的能力。具体来说,我们以两种方式降低了模板精度:1)通过用不准确的特征污染搜索者的模板,以及2)通过向模板引入无用的无关特征。我们记录眼球运动,以允许有关的相对程度,注意力的指导和决策模板的不精确性受到阻碍的推论。我们的研究结果支持了目标模板的双功能理论,并强调了在视觉搜索中检查模板精度的重要性。
When people look for things in the environment, they use target templates—mental representations of the objects they are attempting to locate—to guide attention and to assess incoming visual input as potential targets. However, unlike laboratory participants, searchers in the real world rarely have perfect knowledge regarding the potential appearance of targets. In seven experiments, we examined how the precision of target templates affects the ability to conduct visual search. Specifically, we degraded template precision in two ways: 1) by contaminating searchers’ templates with inaccurate features, and 2) by introducing extraneous features to the template that were unhelpful. We recorded eye movements to allow inferences regarding the relative extents to which attentional guidance and decision-making are hindered by template imprecision. Our findings support a dual-function theory of the target template and highlight the importance of examining template precision in visual search.
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