Using Brain Imaging for Lie Detection: Where Science, Law and Research Policy Collide.
Using Brain Imaging for Lie Detection: Where Science, Law and Research Policy Collide.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0028841
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发表时间：
2013-05-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Moriarty, Jane Campbell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Langleben, Daniel D.;Moriarty, Jane Campbell
在使用大脑功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）来评估欺骗和区分说谎与说真话方面取得的进展，使人们期待在寻找基于技术的测谎方法方面取得突破。在过去的几年里，诉讼当事人试图在法庭上引入fMRI测谎证据。这篇文章的权重在跨学科的辩论，这些证据的可接受性，确定缺失的部分，需要完成的科学难题，如果fMRI为基础的测谎是满足标准的法律的可靠性或普遍接受。我们认为，道伯特的“已知错误率”是连接法律的标准和科学标准的关键概念。我们认为，适当的对照临床试验是最有说服力的手段，以确定错误率的fMRI为基础的测谎，并确认或反驳的相关性，有前途的实验室研究就这一主题。本文解释了目前的科学状况，并提供了一个案例法中，诉讼当事人试图引入功能磁共振测谎分析。分析了与fMRI测谎相关的无数问题，本文确定了当前欺骗科学神经成像作为专家证据的主要局限性，并探讨了在科学证据被证明科学有效和可靠之前使用科学证据所产生的问题。我们建议法院继续排除fMRI测谎证据，直到这种潜在有用的法医学形式符合目前采用医学测试或设备所需的科学标准。鉴于众多的利益相关者和收费和争议的性质和潜在的社会影响，这项技术，善意和合作的几个政府机构可能需要赞助公正和全面的临床试验，将指导法医功能磁共振成像技术的发展。
Progress in the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the brain to evaluate deception and differentiate lying from truth-telling has created anticipation of a breakthrough in the search for technology-based methods of lie detection. In the last few years, litigants have attempted to introduce fMRI lie detection evidence in courts. This article weighs in on the interdisciplinary debate about the admissibility of such evidence, identifying the missing pieces of the scientific puzzle that need to be completed if fMRI-based lie detection is to meet the standards of either legal reliability or general acceptance. We believe that the Daubert’s “known error rate” is the key concept linking the legal and scientific standards. We posit that properly-controlled clinical trials are the most convincing means to determine the error rates of fMRI-based lie detection and confirm or disprove the relevance of the promising laboratory research on this topic. This article explains the current state of the science and provides an analysis of the case law in which litigants have sought to introduce fMRI lie detection. Analyzing the myriad issues related to fMRI lie detection, the article identifies the key limitations of the current neuroimaging of deception science as expert evidence and explores the problems that arise from using scientific evidence before it is proven scientifically valid and reliable. We suggest that courts continue excluding fMRI lie detection evidence until this potentially useful form of forensic science meets the scientific standards currently required for adoption of a medical test or device. Given a multitude of stakeholders and, the charged and controversial nature and the potential societal impact of this technology, goodwill and collaboration of several government agencies may be required to sponsor impartial and comprehensive clinical trials that will guide the development of forensic fMRI technology.
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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