Push by a net, pull by a cow: can zooprophylaxis enhance the impact of insecticide treated bed nets on malaria control?
Push by a net, pull by a cow: can zooprophylaxis enhance the impact of insecticide treated bed nets on malaria control?
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DOI：
10.1186/1756-3305-7-52
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发表时间：
2014-01-28
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Minakawa N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Iwashita H;Dida GO;Sonye GO;Sunahara T;Futami K;Njenga SM;Chaves LF;Minakawa N
大规模使用驱虫蚊帐及其对高危人群的覆盖率"推动"了疟疾传播的下降。然而，目前尚不清楚动物预防是否正在加强疟疾控制，即，蚊子转而以不同于人类的宿主为食，这一现象可进一步减少在牲畜放牧常见地区的疟疾昆虫传播风险。2009年5月至7月，我们收集了104间房屋的蚊子从三个邻近的村庄，高ITN覆盖率（超过80%），沿维多利亚湖。我们还对该地区的牲畜进行了普查，并为所有牲畜以及蚊子幼虫栖息地提供了地理参考系留点。分析来自采样蚊子的血粉内容物，并单独测试每只蚊子的疟疾子孢子感染。然后，我们使用广义线性混合效应模型评估了人类密度、ITN使用、牲畜丰度和幼虫栖息地与蚊子丰度、吸血人类和疟疾子孢子率之间的关系。共采集蚊虫8123只，其中按蚊1664只。295个家庭喷洒捕获的疟疾媒介。我们发现，媒介家庭丰度主要由户主（P <0.05）、在房屋周围拴的山羊/绵羊（P <0.05）和驱虫蚊帐的数量驱动，驱虫蚊帐使蚊子丰度减半（P <0.05）。在一般情况下，阿拉伯按蚊，但不是一个类似的模式。冈比亚公司和一个. funestus s.s.，其密度并没有随着牲畜的出现而增加。随着户主数量的增加，所有种的取食量均显著增加（P <0.05），只有按蚊的取食量显著减少。在有牛存在的情况下，阿拉伯对虾的生长率显著高于牛（P <0.05）。只有26个按蚊属。传疟媒介有疟原虫子孢子，子孢子率随牛食蚊比例的增加而显著降低（P <0.05）。我们的数据表明，牛，在设置与大ITN覆盖，有可能推动一个意想不到的“推拉”疟疾控制系统，其中安。被驱虫蚊帐"挤出"人类接触范围的阿拉伯蚊很可能被牛进一步"吸引"。
Mass insecticide treated bed net (ITN) deployment, and its associated coverage of populations at risk, had “pushed” a decline in malaria transmission. However, it is unknown whether malaria control is being enhanced by zooprophylaxis, i.e., mosquitoes diverted to feed on hosts different from humans, a phenomenon that could further reduce malaria entomological transmission risk in areas where livestock herding is common. Between May and July 2009, we collected mosquitoes in 104 houses from three neighboring villages with high ITN coverage (over 80%), along Lake Victoria. We also performed a census of livestock in the area and georeferenced tethering points for all herds, as well as, mosquito larval habitats. Bloodmeal contents from sampled mosquitoes were analyzed, and each mosquito was individually tested for malaria sporozoite infections. We then evaluated the association of human density, ITN use, livestock abundance and larval habitats with mosquito abundance, bloodfeeding on humans and malaria sporozoite rate using generalized linear mixed effects models. We collected a total of 8123 mosquitoes, of which 1664 were Anopheles spp. malaria vectors over 295 household spray catches. We found that vector household abundance was mainly driven by the number of householders (P < 0.05), goats/sheep tethered around the house (P < 0.05) and ITNs, which halved mosquito abundance (P < 0.05). In general, similar patterns were observed for Anopheles arabiensis, but not An. gambiae s.s. and An. funestus s.s., whose density did not increase with the presence of livestock animals. Feeding on humans significantly increased in all species with the number of householders (P < 0.05), and only significantly decreased for An. arabiensis in the presence of cattle (P < 0.05). Only 26 Anopheles spp. vectors had malaria sporozoites with the sporozoite rate significantly decreasing as the proportion of cattle feeding mosquitoes increased (P < 0.05). Our data suggest that cattle, in settings with large ITN coverage, have the potential to drive an unexpected “push-pull” malaria control system, where An. arabiensis mosquitoes “pushed” out of human contact by ITNs are likely being further “pulled” by cattle.
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影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Bogh, C;Clarke, SE;Lindsay, SW
通讯作者：
Lindsay, SW
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
BEIER, JC;PERKINS, PV;KOECH, DK
通讯作者：
KOECH, DK
DOI：
10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90320-2
发表时间：
2002-11-01
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Bogh, C;Clarke, SE;Lindsay, SW
通讯作者：
Lindsay, SW
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
DAVIS, JR;HALL, T;SHIFF, CJ
通讯作者：
SHIFF, CJ
影响因子：
3
作者：
Dye, Timothy D. V.;Apondi, Rose;Othoro, Caroline
通讯作者：
Othoro, Caroline