Chewing thoroughly reduces eating rate and postprandial food palatability but does not influence meal size in older adults
Chewing thoroughly reduces eating rate and postprandial food palatability but does not influence meal size in older adults
复制标题
彻底咀嚼会降低老年人的进食率和餐后食物的适口性，但不会影响膳食量
DOI：
10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.10.003
复制
发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
J. Hollis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yong;J. Hollis
最近的研究表明，增加吞咽前咀嚼的次数可以减少年轻人的食量。然而，这种摄食行为是否会影响老年人的膳食量尚不清楚。18名老年人（4名男性和14名女性，年龄72 ± 1岁，体重指数25.9 ± 1.2 kg/m2）参加了这项随机交叉试验。使用比萨饼卷作为测试食物进行初步会议以评估他们的习惯性咀嚼次数（HNC）。然后，参与者在他们习惯的午餐时间参加了三次测试。在每个测试阶段，参与者被要求吃比萨饼卷，直到舒适地吃饱，通过在吞咽之前咀嚼每个比萨饼卷100%、150%和200%的HNC。在开始进餐后60分钟的定期时间点测量主观食欲。试验阶段之间的进餐持续时间和进餐结束时进餐诱导的食欲变化无差异。然而，与100%HNC条件下的进食率（22.5 ± 1.8 g/s）相比，150%和200%HNC条件下的进食率（分别为16.4 ± 1.0 g/s和13.7 ± 0.8 g/s）显著降低。此外，彻底咀嚼显着降低餐后评级的适口性的测试食物。试验阶段之间的摄食量无显著差异（100%、150%和200% HNC分别为177.8 ± 43.0 g、164.0 ± 41.7 g和166.6 ± 33.0 g）。这些结果表明，增加咀嚼次数不会影响老年人的膳食量。与年龄相关的食欲失调可能部分解释了年轻人和老年人研究结果的差异。
Recent studies have shown that increasing the number of chews before swallowing reduces meal size in young adults. However, whether this ingestive behavior influences meal size in older adults is unknown. Eighteen older adults (4 males and 14 females, age 72 ± 1 years, body mass index 25.9 ± 1.2 kg/m2) participated in this randomized cross-over trial. A preliminary session was conducted to assess their habitual number of chews (HNC) using pizza rolls as the test food. Participants then attended three test sessions at their habitual lunch time. In each test session, participants were asked to eat pizza rolls until comfortably full, by chewing each pizza roll for 100%, 150% and 200% of HNC before swallowing. Subjective appetite was measured at regular time points for 60 min after meal initiation. There was no difference in meal duration and meal induced change in appetite at meal termination between test sessions. However, eating rate at the 150% and 200% of HNC sessions (16.4 ± 1.0 g/s and 13.7 ± 0.8 g/s, respectively) was significantly reduced, compared with eating rate at the 100% of HNC condition (22.5 ± 1.8 g/s). Moreover, thorough chewing significantly reduced postprandial ratings on palatability of the test food. There was no significant difference in food intake between test sessions (177.8 ± 43.0 g, 164.0 ± 41.7 g, and 166.6 ± 33.0 g for 100%, 150% and 200% of HNC, respectively). These results suggest that increasing the number of chews does not affect meal size in older adults. Aging-related appetite dysregulation may partly account for the difference in results from studies in young and older adults.
衰老与食欲。
影响因子：
6.1
作者：
Rolls,BJ
通讯作者：
Rolls,BJ
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
STUNKARD, AJ;MESSICK, S
通讯作者：
MESSICK, S
DOI：
10.1001/jama.1997.03550160077042
发表时间：
1997-10
期刊：
JAMA
影响因子：
--
作者：
S. Schiffman
通讯作者：
S. Schiffman