DNA repair, oncogenes and carcinogenesis.

DNA repair, oncogenes and carcinogenesis.
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DNA 修复、癌基因和致癌作用。

DOI:
10.1093/carcin/9.5.691
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发表时间:
1988
期刊:
影响因子:
4.7
通讯作者:
Topal,MD
Topal,MD
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Topal,MD

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令人惊讶的是,甲基化剂 N-甲基-/v'-亚硝基脲 (MNU*) 在激活大鼠乳腺肿瘤中的 Harvey 射线 (H-ras) 原癌基因方面存在令人惊讶的偏差(参见参考文献 1;参见其中的表 2)。在 61 个含有 NIH-3T3 转化 DNA 的肿瘤中,有 61 个肿瘤中的 61 个中,单剂量的 MNU 通过 G 碱基变为 A 碱基变化来激活 H-ras (1)。在所有 61 个肿瘤中,相同的 G 发生了突变。对赋予细胞生长优势的突变的自然选择是对这种位置偏差的普遍解释 (2)。虽然很有吸引力,但这种解释与 H-ras 其他位置突变转化 NIH 3T3 细胞的效率不一致(表 I)。例如,将 H-ras 密码子 12 的第一个或第二个 G 突变为 A 可获得几乎相同的转化效率。对这一矛盾的一种解释可能在于尝试比较不同组织中激活的 ras 与 NIH 3T3 细胞中的转化效率。对于特定位置的突变,我想在这里考虑一些其他解释:(i)某些 DNA 序列可能会呈现特定的碱基位置作为诱变剂的简单目标;(ii)某些 DNA 序列可能会隐藏修复活动中的诱变损伤,从而使损伤持续存在。第一个解释的证据来自对黄曲霉毒素 (3)、乙基化剂 (4) 和氮芥 (5) 与 DNA 结合的研究。对于 MNU,在体外 DNA 复制过程中,O^-甲基dGTP 掺入 DNA 表明 (fG 处的四面体甲基在 DNA 螺旋中的任何地方的拟合程度不同 (6)。第二种解释的证据来自 C^-甲基dGTP 掺入和 C^-甲基鸟嘌呤 (C^-甲基G) 寡核苷酸定点诱变的生物学后果,这表明 C^-甲基G 诱变和修复是不一致的 (7)。通过计算机搜索相关 DNA 序列发现了包含 MNU 激活位点的 H-ras 癌基因部分。
The methylating agent N-methyl-/v'-nitrosourea (MNU*) is surprisingly biased in its activation of Harvey-ray (H-ras) protooncogene in rat mammary tumors (reviewed in ref. 1; see Table 2 therein). Single doses of MNU activated H-ras by a G to A base change in 61 of 61 tumors harboring NIH-3T3-transforming DNA (1). In all 61 tumors, the same G was mutated. Natural selection for mutations that impart growth advantages to the cell is the explanation generally given for this positional bias (2). While attractive, this explanation is inconsistent with the efficiencies of transformation of NIH 3T3 cells by mutations at other positions in H-ras (Table I). For example, mutating either the first or second G of H-ras codon 12 to A gives almost identical transformation efficiencies. One explanation for this contradiction may lie with trying to compare transformation efficiencies of activated ras in different tissues with that in NIH 3T3 cells. There are alternative explanations for mutation at particular positions that I would like to consider here:(i) some DNA sequences may present particular base positions as easy targets to the mutagen;(ii) some DNA sequences may hide mutagenic lesions from repair activities so that the lesions persist. Evidence for the first explanation comes from studies of aflatoxin (3), ethylating agents (4) and nitrogen mustard (5) binding to DNA. For MNU, incorporation of O^-methyldGTP into DNA during DNA replication in vitro indicates that the tetrahedral methyl group at (fG does not fit equally well everywhere in the DNA helix (6).Evidence for the second explanation comes from the biological consequences of C^-methyldGTP incorporation and C^-methylguanine (C^-methylG) oligonucleotide site-directed mutagenesis, which demonstrated that C^-methylG mutagenesis and repair are non-uniform (7). A consensus sequence that appears to inhibit repair was derived. A computer search for related DNA sequences found the portion of the H-ras oncogene that contains the MNU activation site.
在用 N-甲基-N-亚硝基-脲处理的 S 期 10T1/2 细胞中,复制位点附近的 DNA 优先被烷基化。
DOI: 10.1093/carcin/3.10.1119
发表时间: 1982
期刊: Carcinogenesis
影响因子: 4.7
作者:
Cordeiro-Stone,M;Topal,MD;Kaufman,DG
通讯作者: Kaufman,DG
密码子-反密码子相互作用中的碱基配对和保真度
DOI: 10.1038/263289a0
发表时间: 1976
期刊: Nature
影响因子: 64.8
作者:
M. D. Topal;J. R. Fresco
通讯作者: J. R. Fresco
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.79.7.2211
发表时间: 1982-01-01
期刊: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
影响因子: --
作者:
TOPAL, MD;BAKER, MS
通讯作者: BAKER, MS
黄曲霉毒素 B1-DNA 相互作用的序列特异性。
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.80.1.6
发表时间: 1983
影响因子: 11.1
作者:
Muench,KF;Misra,RP;Humayun,MZ
通讯作者: Humayun,MZ
DOI: 10.1093/carcin/4.12.1591
发表时间: 1983-12
期刊: Carcinogenesis
影响因子: 4.7
作者:
D. Toorchen;M. D. Topal
通讯作者: D. Toorchen;M. D. Topal