Codon reassignment in the Escherichia coli genetic code.

Codon reassignment in the Escherichia coli genetic code.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gkq707
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发表时间:
2010-12
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Sakamoto K
Sakamoto K
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mukai T;Hayashi A;Iraha F;Sato A;Ohtake K;Yokoyama S;Sakamoto K

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大多数生物,从大肠杆菌到人类,使用的是数十亿年来一直未变或冻结的“通用”遗传密码。有人争辩说,密码子的重新分配会导致遗传信息的误译,而且肯定是致命的。在这项研究中,我们通过从细菌中消除UAG识别释放因子,成功地将UAG三联体从终止密码子重新分配到有义密码子,UAG识别释放因子是细菌的重要细胞成分。只需要对大肠杆菌进行少量的遗传修改,就可以避免密码子重新分配的致命性;从基因组中删除所有UAG三联体是不必要的。因此,根据UAG解码tRNA的特异性,UAG被明确地分配给天然或非天然氨基酸。这一结果揭示了遗传密码出人意料的灵活性。
Most organisms, from Escherichia coli to humans, use the ‘universal’ genetic code, which have been unchanged or ‘frozen’ for billions of years. It has been argued that codon reassignment causes mistranslation of genetic information, and must be lethal. In this study, we successfully reassigned the UAG triplet from a stop to a sense codon in the E. coli genome, by eliminating the UAG-recognizing release factor, an essential cellular component, from the bacterium. Only a few genetic modifications of E. coli were needed to circumvent the lethality of codon reassignment; erasing all UAG triplets from the genome was unnecessary. Thus, UAG was assigned unambiguously to a natural or non-natural amino acid, according to the specificity of the UAG-decoding tRNA. The result reveals the unexpected flexibility of the genetic code.
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发表时间: 2009-11-03
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