Biogeochemical Cycling by a Low-Diversity Microbial Community in Deep Groundwater.

Biogeochemical Cycling by a Low-Diversity Microbial Community in Deep Groundwater.
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DOI:
10.3389/fmicb.2018.02129
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Bernier-Latmani R
Bernier-Latmani R
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bell E;Lamminmäki T;Alneberg J;Andersson AF;Qian C;Xiong W;Hettich RL;Balmer L;Frutschi M;Sommer G;Bernier-Latmani R

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Olkiluoto, an island on the south-west coast of Finland, will host a deep geological repository for the storage of spent nuclear fuel. Microbially induced corrosion from the generation of sulphide is therefore a concern as it could potentially compromise the longevity of the copper waste canisters. Groundwater at Olkiluoto is geochemically stratified with depth and elevated concentrations of sulphide are observed when sulphate-rich and methane-rich groundwaters mix. Particularly high sulphide is observed in methane-rich groundwater from a fracture at 530.6 mbsl, where mixing with sulphate-rich groundwater occurred as the result of an open drill hole connecting two different fractures at different depths. To determine the electron donors fuelling sulphidogenesis, we combined geochemical, isotopic, metagenomic and metaproteomic analyses. This revealed a low diversity microbial community fuelled by hydrogen and organic carbon. Sulphur and carbon isotopes of sulphate and dissolved inorganic carbon, respectively, confirmed that sulphate reduction was ongoing and that CO2 came from the degradation of organic matter. The results demonstrate the impact of introducing sulphate to a methane-rich groundwater with limited electron acceptors and provide insight into extant metabolisms in the terrestrial subsurface.
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