Naturalistic stimuli reveal a sensitive period in cross modal responses of visual cortex: Evidence from adult-onset blindness.
Naturalistic stimuli reveal a sensitive period in cross modal responses of visual cortex: Evidence from adult-onset blindness.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2022.108277
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发表时间：
2022-07-29
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Bedny, Marina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Musz, Elizabeth;Loiotile, Rita;Chen, Janice;Cusack, Rhodri;Bedny, Marina
生活经历如何影响皮质功能？对于天生失明的人来说，“视觉”皮层被用来完成非视觉任务，如盲文阅读和声音定位。这种招募的机制尚不清楚。视觉皮层对非视觉信息的潜在反应能力在人的一生中是否都是一样的？或者，是否存在一个可塑性增强的敏感期，使视觉皮层在儿童时期重新利用成为可能？为了深入了解这些问题，我们利用自然主义听觉刺激来量化和比较先天性失明（CB，n=22），成人发病失明（视力丧失>18岁，AB，n=14）和视力正常（n=22）个体的跨模态反应。参与者听了电影中的听觉摘录;口语叙述;并匹配了无意义的听觉刺激（即，功能性核磁共振成像扫描期间，句子混排、言语倒退）。这些丰富的自然主义刺激使人们能够同时参与广泛的认知领域。我们将每组中不同参与者的体素时间过程相关联。对于所有的组，所有的刺激条件下诱导同步听觉皮层和所有的组只有叙事刺激同步反应，在较高的认知额顶叶和颞叶区域。在CB组中，对于电影和叙事刺激，视觉皮层的受试者间同步性很高，但对于无意义的听觉控制则不然。相比之下，视觉皮层的同步性在AB型和有视力的蒙眼参与者中同样低。即使成年后失明多年，儿童时期就有视力的人的视觉皮层也无法对自然听觉信息做出反应。这些结果表明，先天失明者视皮层的跨通道反应反映了视皮层发育敏感期的可塑性。
How do life experiences impact cortical function? In people who are born blind, the “visual” cortices are recruited for nonvisual tasks such as Braille reading and sound localization (e.g.,). The mechanisms of this recruitment are not known. Do visual cortices have a latent capacity to respond to nonvisual information that is equal throughout the lifespan? Alternatively, is there a sensitive period of heightened plasticity that makes visual cortex repurposing possible during childhood? To gain insight into these questions, we leveraged naturalistic auditory stimuli to quantify and compare cross-modal responses congenitally blind (CB, n=22), adult-onset blind (vision loss >18 years-of-age, AB, n=14) and sighted (n=22) individuals. Participants listened to auditory excerpts from movies; a spoken narrative; and matched meaningless auditory stimuli (i.e., shuffled sentences, backwards speech) during fMRI scanning. These rich naturalistic stimuli made it possible to simultaneous engage a broad range of cognitive domains. We correlated the voxel-wise timecourses of different participants within each group. For all groups, all stimulus conditions induced synchrony in auditory cortex and for all groups only the narrative stimuli synchronized responses in higher-cognitive fronto-parietal and temporal regions. Inter-subject synchrony in visual cortices was high in the CB group for the movie and narrative stimuli but not for meaningless auditory controls. In contrast, visual cortex synchrony was equally low among AB and sighted blindfolded participants. Even many years of blindness in adulthood fail to enable responses to naturalistic auditory information in visual cortices of people who had sight as children. These findings suggest that cross-modal responses in visual cortex of people born blind reflect the plasticity of developing visual cortex during a sensitive period.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1013928108
发表时间：
2011-03-15
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Collignon, Olivier;Vandewalle, Gilles;Lepore, Franco
通讯作者：
Lepore, Franco
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Hasson, U;Nir, Y;Malach, R
通讯作者：
Malach, R
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Amalric M;Denghien I;Dehaene S
通讯作者：
Dehaene S
影响因子：
14.5
作者：
Collignon, Olivier;Dormal, Giulia;Lepore, Franco
通讯作者：
Lepore, Franco
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Butt, Omar H.;Benson, Noah C.;Aguirre, Geoffrey K.
通讯作者：
Aguirre, Geoffrey K.