A randomized controlled trial protocol for engaging distress tolerance and working memory to aid smoking cessation in low socioeconomic status (SES) adults.
A randomized controlled trial protocol for engaging distress tolerance and working memory to aid smoking cessation in low socioeconomic status (SES) adults.
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DOI：
10.1037/hea0000858
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发表时间：
2020-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Smits JAJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Otto MW;Zvolensky MJ;Rosenfield D;Hoyt DL;Witkiewitz K;McKee SA;Bickel WK;Smits JAJ
低收入和低教育程度是吸烟流行率和戒烟尝试后再次吸烟的最强预测因素。由于对应作为治疗目标的人群的具体失误/复发脆弱性了解不足，改进治疗受到限制。在随机临床试验设计的背景下，我们描述了一种实验医学方法，用于评估两个特定的与失误相关的目标相对于低社会经济背景下的更高压力特征的作用：低痛苦耐受性和低工作记忆容量。此外，我们使用一种创新的方法来了解正在进行戒烟尝试的吸烟者的吸烟风险，以检查不仅在尼古丁使用期间，而且在吸烟者戒烟尝试面临的条件下-在紧张的尼古丁剥夺窗口期间-评估的候选机械性目标。这项研究旨在展示在剥夺期间评估的增量价值，部分原因是特定的脆弱性被尼古丁剥夺状态固有的高度压力和戒断症状修改并与之互动的方式。具体地说，这项研究旨在评估一种新的正念干预(正念与内感暴露相结合)是否可以改善现有的正念干预，并将治疗成果扩展到在高压力/负面情感背景下评估的机械性目标的修改。总体目标是验证机械性目标和相关干预措施，目的是扩大高危吸烟者的治疗选择。
Low income and low educational attainment are among the strongest predictors of both smoking prevalence and lapse (i.e., return) to smoking following cessation attempts. Treatment refinement is limited by inadequate knowledge of the specific lapse/relapse-relevant vulnerabilities characteristic of populations that should be the target of treatment. In the context of a randomized clinical trial design, we describe an experimental medicine approach for evaluating the role of two specific lapse-relevant targets relative to the higher stress characteristic of low-socioeconomic contexts: low distress tolerance and low working memory capacity. Furthermore, we use an innovative approach for understanding risk of smoking lapse in smokers undergoing a quit attempt to examine candidate mechanistic targets assessed not only during nicotine use, but also during the conditions smokers will face upon a cessation attempt – during stressful nicotine-deprivation windows. This study is designed to show the incremental value of assessments during deprivation windows, in part due to the way in which specific vulnerabilities are modified by, and interact with, the heightened stress and withdrawal symptoms inherent to nicotine-deprivation states. Specifically, the study is designed to evaluate whether a novel mindfulness intervention (mindfulness combined with interoceptive exposure) can improve upon existing mindfulness interventions and extend therapeutic gains to the modification of mechanistic targets assessed in high-stress/negative affectivity contexts. The overall goal is to validate mechanistic targets and associated interventions for the purpose of expanding treatment options for at-risk smokers.
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影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Bickel, Warren K.;Jarmolowicz, David P.;Mueller, E. Terry;Gatchalian, Kirstin M.;McClure, Samuel M.
通讯作者：
McClure, Samuel M.
影响因子：
33.9
作者：
Babb, Stephen;Malarcher, Arm;Jamal, Ahmed
通讯作者：
Jamal, Ahmed
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Jha, Amishi P.;Stanley, Elizabeth A.;Gelfand, Lois
通讯作者：
Gelfand, Lois
影响因子：
10.3
作者：
Feldner, Matthew T.;Zvolensky, Michael J.;Schmidt, Norman B.
通讯作者：
Schmidt, Norman B.
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Brown, Richard A.;Lejuez, C. W.;Price, Lawrence H.
通讯作者：
Price, Lawrence H.