Changes in the depression gender gap from 1992 to 2014: Cohort effects and mediation by gendered social position.
Changes in the depression gender gap from 1992 to 2014: Cohort effects and mediation by gendered social position.
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1992年至2014年抑郁症性别差距的变化：群组效应和性别社会地位的中介。
DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113088
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Keyes,KatherineM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Platt,JonathanM;Bates,LisaM;Jager,Justin;McLaughlin,KatieA;Keyes,KatherineM
抑郁症差距(即女性的抑郁率高于男性)代表着美国重要的心理健康差距。自20世纪中期以来一直在变化的按性别划分的社会地位的差异(即男女可获得的角色、责任和机会)可能是造成这种性别差距的原因之一。这项研究调查了出生队列中抑郁症差距变化的证据，并测试了男女之间相对社会地位的变化在多大程度上影响了随着时间的推移而发生的任何变化。数据来自国家纵向调查。抑郁差距被定义为女性与男性在CESD平均得分上的差异。分析样本包括从1992年到2014年接受采访的13,666名受访者。分层混合模型估计了随着时间的推移，性别抑郁差距的大小，它与10年出生队列的关联(范围：1957-1994)，以及是否有任何差异是由获得大学学位、全职工作的女性与男性之间的比率以及每周平均花在家务上的时间--三个性别社会地位指标--所调节的。在出生队列中，抑郁差距呈直线下降0.18点(95%CI=−0.26，−0.10)。中介分析的结果估计，大学学历的增加对队列中39%的性别抑郁差距起到了中介作用(95%可信区间=0.18，0.78)。没有证据表明，由于就业或家务比率的变化而进行了调解。这些发现部分支持了这一假设，即抑郁差距是随着时间的推移而变化的，并且与社会环境有意义地相关。了解抑郁症差距的社会原因可以阐明抑郁症差距随着时间的推移可能长期存在或缩小的基本过程，并可能有助于确定减少抑郁症差距的战略。
The depression gap (i.e., higher rates of depression among women than men) represents an important mental health disparity in the US. Differences in gendered social position (i.e., the roles, responsibilities, and opportunities available to women and men), which have been changing since the mid-20th Century may contribute to this gender gap. The present study examined the evidence for a changing depression gap across birth cohorts and tested the extent to which any changes over time were mediated by changes in relative social position between women and men. Data were from the National Longitudinal Surveys. The depression gap was defined as differences in mean CESD scores for women vs. men. The analytic sample included 13,666 respondents interviewed from 1992 to 2014. Hierarchical mixed models estimated the magnitude of the gender depression gap over time, its association with 10-year birth cohort (range: 1957–1994), and whether any variation was mediated by ratios among women relative to men of obtaining a college degree, being employed full-time, and the average number of hours spent doing housework per week, three indicators of gendered social position. There was a linear decrease in the depression gap by 0.18 points across birth cohort (95% CI = −0.26, −0.10). The results of the mediation analysis estimated that an increasing ratio of college degree attainment mediated 39% of the gender depression gap across cohorts (95% CI = 0.18, 0.78). There was no evidence of mediation due to changing employment or housework ratios. These findings partially support the hypothesis that the depression gap is changing over time and is meaningfully related to the social environment. Understanding the social causes of the depression gap can illuminate the fundamental processes through which depression disparities may be perpetuated or attenuated over time and may aid in the identification of strategies to reduce them.
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Eaton NR;Keyes KM;Krueger RF;Balsis S;Skodol AE;Markon KE;Grant BF;Hasin DS
通讯作者：
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作者：
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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