The nuts and bolts of ring-translocase structure and mechanism.

The nuts and bolts of ring-translocase structure and mechanism.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.sbi.2011.01.002
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发表时间:
2011-04
影响因子:
6.8
通讯作者:
Berger, James M.
Berger, James M.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lyubimov, Artem Y.;Strycharska, Melania;Berger, James M.

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环状寡聚体转位酶是一种多亚单位酶,它将核苷三磷酸(NTPs)的水解作用偶联到沿延伸的生物聚合物底物的定向运动中。这些马达帮助解开核酸双链,解开蛋白质链,并在细胞和/或病毒隔间引导核酸。底物通过由催化亚单位的圆形阵列形成的中心孔转移。核苷酸结合、水解和产物释放的循环有助于重新定位毛孔中的易位环以指导运动。NTP周转是如何导致这些构象变化的,以及马达家族之间机械差异的程度,仍然是突出的问题。本文综述了目前环转位酶功能的模型,并强调了在我们对这些分子机器的理解中仍然存在的基本差距。
Ring-shaped, oligomeric translocases are multisubunit enzymes that couple hydrolysis of nucleoside triphosphates (NTPs) to directed movement along extended biopolymer substrates. These motors help unwind nucleic acid duplexes, unfold protein chains, and shepherd nucleic acids between cellular and/or viral compartments. Substrates are translocated through a central pore formed by a circular array of catalytic subunits. Cycles of nucleotide binding, hydrolysis, and product release help reposition translocation loops in the pore to direct movement. How NTP turnover allosterically induces these conformational changes, and the extent of mechanistic divergence between motor families, remain outstanding problems. This review examines the current models for ring-translocase function and highlights the fundamental gaps remaining in our understanding of these molecular machines.
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