Role of HDL, LCAT, and Lipid Transfer Protein in Lipoprotein Metabolism
Role of HDL, LCAT, and Lipid Transfer Protein in Lipoprotein Metabolism
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HDL、LCAT 和脂质转移蛋白在脂蛋白代谢中的作用
DOI：
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发表时间：
1985
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Albers
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Albers
高密度脂蛋白（HDL）在脂质转运系统中起着不可或缺的作用。许多流行病学研究表明，HDL水平与冠心病风险之间存在反比关系。这种反向关系背后的生化和生理机制尚不清楚。据推测，HDL与卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶（LCAT）和中性脂质转移蛋白一起，在从肝外组织（包括动脉壁）清除未酯化胆固醇并将其转运至肝脏中起关键作用。这种“胆固醇逆向转运过程”被认为可以防止脂质在动脉壁中的积聚，从而防止或延缓动脉粥样硬化的发生。然而，这种胆固醇逆向转运过程的具体步骤和细节存在争议或仍有待澄清。这个过程的第一步是将未酯化的胆固醇从外周细胞表面转移到HDL表面（图1）。最近的证据表明，HDL与细胞表面的结合可能会增强这一转移步骤1）。据推测，外周细胞合成特异性的HDL细胞表面受体，以响应胆固醇的积累，这些受体可能有助于胆固醇从细胞中转运2）。由于HDL颗粒只能结合有限数量的未酯化胆固醇分子，因此需要步骤2，或通过LCAT将未酯化胆固醇转化为胆固醇酯，以保持化学势梯度。为了除去多余的胆固醇酯，步骤3，或运输胆固醇酯
High density lipoproteins (HDL) play an integral part in the lipid transport system. Numerous epidemiological studies have demonstrated an inverse relationship between HDL levels and the risk of developing coronary heart disease. The biochemical and physiological mechanisms behind this inverse relationship are unclear. It has been postulated that HDL, together with the enzyme lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and a neutral lipid transfer protein, plays a key role in removing unesterified cholesterol from extrahepatic tissues, including the arterial wall, and in transporting it to the liver. This "reverse cholesterol transport process" is believed to prevent lipid accumulation in the artery wall and thereby prevent or retard atherogenesis. However, the specific steps and details of this reverse cholesterol transport process are controversial or remain to be clarified. The first step in this process involves the transfer of unesterified cholesterol from the surface of peripheral cells to the surface of HDL (Fig. 1). Recent evidence suggests that this transfer step may be enhanced by binding of HDL to the cell surface1). It has been postulated that peripheral cells synthesize specific, cell-surface receptors for HDL in response to cholesterol accumulation and that these receptors may act to facilitate cholesterol transport from cells2). Because HDL particles can bind only a finite number of unesterified cholesterol molecules, step 2, or the conversion of unesterified cholesterol to cholesteryl ester by LCAT, is required to keep the chemical potential gradient going. In order to remove the excess cholesteryl ester, step 3, or the transport of cholesteryl ester
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DOI：
10.1016/s0021-9258(18)89023-8
发表时间：
1985-05
期刊：
The Journal of biological chemistry
影响因子：
--
作者：
P. Subbaiah;C. Chen;J. Bagdade;J. Albers
通讯作者：
P. Subbaiah;C. Chen;J. Bagdade;J. Albers
人单核细胞来源的巨噬细胞分泌脂质转移蛋白。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1985
期刊：
The Journal of biological chemistry
影响因子：
--
作者：
Tollefson,JH;Faust,R;Albers,JJ;Chait,A
通讯作者：
Chait,A
影响因子：
15.9
作者：
BIESBROECK, R;ORAM, JF;BIERMAN, EL
通讯作者：
BIERMAN, EL
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1984-10
期刊：
The Journal of biological chemistry
影响因子：
--
作者：
M. Cheung;J. Albers
通讯作者：
M. Cheung;J. Albers
影响因子：
6.5
作者：
M. Cheung;J. Albers
通讯作者：
M. Cheung;J. Albers