Serological and spatial analysis of alphavirus and flavivirus prevalence and risk factors in a rural community in western Kenya.
Serological and spatial analysis of alphavirus and flavivirus prevalence and risk factors in a rural community in western Kenya.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0005998
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发表时间：
2017-10
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
LaBeaud AD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grossi-Soyster EN;Cook EAJ;de Glanville WA;Thomas LF;Krystosik AR;Lee J;Wamae CN;Kariuki S;Fèvre EM;LaBeaud AD
Alphaviruses, such as chikungunya virus, and flaviviruses, such as dengue virus, are (re)-emerging arboviruses that are endemic in tropical environments. In Africa, arbovirus infections are often undiagnosed and unreported, with febrile illnesses often assumed to be malaria. This cross-sectional study aimed to characterize the seroprevalence of alphaviruses and flaviviruses among children (ages 5–14, n = 250) and adults (ages 15 ≥ 75, n = 250) in western Kenya. Risk factors for seropositivity were explored using Lasso regression. Overall, 67% of participants showed alphavirus seropositivity (CI95 63%–70%), and 1.6% of participants showed flavivirus seropositivity (CI95 0.7%–3%). Children aged 10–14 were more likely to be seropositive to an alphavirus than adults (p < 0.001), suggesting a recent transmission period. Alphavirus and flavivirus seropositivity was detected in the youngest participants (age 5–9), providing evidence of inter-epidemic transmission. Demographic variables that were significantly different amongst those with previous infection versus those without infection included age, education level, and occupation. Behavioral and environmental variables significantly different amongst those in with previous infection to those without infection included taking animals for grazing, fishing, and recent village flooding. Experience of recent fever was also found to be a significant indicator of infection (p = 0.027). These results confirm alphavirus and flavivirus exposure in western Kenya, while illustrating significantly higher alphavirus transmission compared to previous studies. There are many examples of recent emergence of mosquito-borne viruses, such as chikungunya virus outbreaks throughout the Caribbean in 2013, Zika virus outbreaks throughout Southern and Central America in 2015, and yellow fever virus in Brazil in 2017. Each outbreak draws attention to the limits associated with predicting future outbreaks. This study expands our understanding of risk factors for exposure to two common genera of mosquito-borne viruses, alphaviruses and flaviviruses. Risk factors identified include simple demographic factors, such as age or sex, and behaviors associated with occupation or livelihood around the home. Behaviors enhancing or limiting contact with mosquitoes are also significant predictors, as mosquitoes drive transmission. More clearly defining the epidemiology of these infections within a population can elevate the accuracy and efficacy of public health initiatives that fuel community education and awareness, and outbreak prediction and monitoring can be elevated to a new level of accuracy and efficacy.
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影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Feldstein LR;Rowhani-Rahbar A;Staples JE;Weaver MR;Halloran ME;Ellis EM
通讯作者：
Ellis EM
影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Leroy EM;Nkoghe D;Ollomo B;Nze-Nkogue C;Becquart P;Grard G;Pourrut X;Charrel R;Moureau G;Ndjoyi-Mbiguino A;De-Lamballerie X
通讯作者：
De-Lamballerie X
DOI：
10.1371/currents.outbreaks.95fbc4a8fb4695e049baabfc2fc8289f
发表时间：
2015-01-26
期刊：
PLoS currents
影响因子：
--
作者：
Chretien, Jean-Paul;Anyamba, Assaf;Linthicum, Kenneth J
通讯作者：
Linthicum, Kenneth J
DOI：
10.1093/trstmh/trt073
发表时间：
2013-11-01
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Dom, Nazri Che;Ahmad, Abu Hassan;Ismail, Rodziah
通讯作者：
Ismail, Rodziah
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
LaBeaud, A. Desiree;Banda, Tamara;King, Charles H.
通讯作者：
King, Charles H.