Climate and the individual: inter-annual variation in the autumnal activity of the European badger (Meles meles).
Climate and the individual: inter-annual variation in the autumnal activity of the European badger (Meles meles).
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0083156
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Macdonald DW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Noonan MJ;Markham A;Newman C;Trigoni N;Buesching CD;Ellwood SA;Macdonald DW
我们利用三轴加速度计建立了欧洲獾(Meles Meles)秋季夜间活动的个体内和年际变化与细尺度气候变量的关系。这有助于进一步了解该物种中天气条件和种群动态之间已建立的相互作用中的因果关系。模型发现，在所研究的两年中，日光、雨/湿度和土壤温度的测量是最受支持的活动预测因子。在较干旱的2010年，最受支持的模式包括太阳*RH相互作用、RAIN和30cmTEMP(w = 0.557)，而在2012年，较潮湿的年份，最受支持的模式包括太阳*RH相互作用和RAIN*10cmTEMP(w = 0.999)。不同个体之间的活动也有很大差异。在2012年秋季研究期间，每晚活动时间最长的獾在重新捕获时表现出更高的身体状况指数(BCI)。相比之下，在较干燥的2010年条件下，BCI较好的獾每晚的活动较少，而BCI较差的獾最活跃。在相同的日历日期比较，控制夜间长度，2010年獾的平均夜间活动持续时间(9.5小时±3.3秒)比2012年(8.3小时±1.9秒)长。在较潮湿的年份，夜间活动的增加与净正能量收益(来自BCI)相关，这可能是由于更好的觅食条件。在较干旱的一年，随着净能量负回报的可能性更大，个人的营养状况被证明是改变活动制度的关键；因此，我们强调不应将“一刀切”的方法应用于生态反应。
We establish intra-individual and inter-annual variability in European badger (Meles meles) autumnal nightly activity in relation to fine-scale climatic variables, using tri-axial accelerometry. This contributes further to understanding of causality in the established interaction between weather conditions and population dynamics in this species. Modelling found that measures of daylight, rain/humidity, and soil temperature were the most supported predictors of ACTIVITY, in both years studied. In 2010, the drier year, the most supported model included the SOLAR*RH interaction, RAIN, and30cmTEMP (w = 0.557), while in 2012, a wetter year, the most supported model included the SOLAR*RH interaction, and the RAIN*10cmTEMP (w = 0.999). ACTIVITY also differed significantly between individuals. In the 2012 autumn study period, badgers with the longest per noctem activity subsequently exhibited higher Body Condition Indices (BCI) when recaptured. In contrast, under drier 2010 conditions, badgers in good BCI engaged in less per noctem activity, while badgers with poor BCI were the most active. When compared on the same calendar dates, to control for night length, duration of mean badger nightly activity was longer (9.5 hrs ±3.3 SE) in 2010 than in 2012 (8.3 hrs ±1.9 SE). In the wetter year, increasing nightly activity was associated with net-positive energetic gains (from BCI), likely due to better foraging conditions. In a drier year, with greater potential for net-negative energy returns, individual nutritional state proved crucial in modifying activity regimes; thus we emphasise how a ‘one size fits all’ approach should not be applied to ecological responses.
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