Beyond a reference genome: pangenomes and population genomics of underutilized and orphan crops for future food and nutrition security.
Beyond a reference genome: pangenomes and population genomics of underutilized and orphan crops for future food and nutrition security.
复制标题
除了参考基因组之外，还没有充分利用的孤儿作物的pangenomes和人群基因组学，以实现未来的食物和营养安全。
DOI：
10.1111/nph.18021
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发表时间：
2022-06
期刊：
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
Zhou, Meiliang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chapman, Mark A.;He, Yuqi;Zhou, Meiliang
关键词：
根据定义，与主要作物相比，未充分利用的作物研究不足，但考虑到气候变化和养活全球不断增长的人口的需求，未充分利用的作物具有可能特别重要的特性。这些作物通常具有抗逆性，这与独特而有益的营养成分相结合。虽然通过生成参考基因组序列正在取得进展，但在这篇Tansley评论中，我们展示了这只是第一步。我们主张“超越参考基因组”应该是一个优先事项，因为只有在这个阶段，人们才能识别支撑有价值性状的特定基因和适应性等位基因。我们总结了群体基因组学和泛基因组学方法是如何在主要作物中鉴定出抗胁迫和抗病等位基因的，并将其与少数未充分利用的作物进行了比较。我们还展示了以前未被充分利用的作物如何从基因组的进步中受益，以及未被充分利用的作物的许多育种目标通常在主要作物中得到了很好的研究。这种跨作物群体水平的重测序可以帮助我们了解未充分利用作物适应性性状的遗传基础。这种投资水平对于在这些作物损失之前充分了解它们的价值可能至关重要。
Underutilized crops are, by definition, under‐researched compared to staple crops yet come with traits that may be especially important given climate change and the need to feed a globally increasing population. These crops are often stress‐tolerant, and this combined with unique and beneficial nutritional profiles. Whilst progress is being made by generating reference genome sequences, in this Tansley Review, we show how this is only the very first step. We advocate that going ‘beyond a reference genome’ should be a priority, as it is only at this stage one can identify the specific genes and the adaptive alleles that underpin the valuable traits. We sum up how population genomic and pangenomic approaches have led to the identification of stress‐ and disease‐tolerant alleles in staple crops and compare this to the small number of examples from underutilized crops. We also demonstrate how previously underutilized crops have benefitted from genomic advances and that many breeding targets in underutilized crops are often well studied in staple crops. This cross‐crop population‐level resequencing could lead to an understanding of the genetic basis of adaptive traits in underutilized crops. This level of investment may be crucial for fully understanding the value of these crops before they are lost.
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影响因子：
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